BIBLIOLOGY

     This web page contains 47 messages on Bibliology most of  which are on other web pages.   They have been modified to some extent   All multi-volume works cited will give the volume number and page number for example, I:1.  Items in [ ] are comments by this writer.  To access a message, click on the title.

Charge It to My Account--A study in the Book of  Philemon which is also presented under the title The Postcard Epistle in the web page  Study of  Books.  It is
      also a first of  a series of  four messages on the short, one chapter books of  the New Testament.  (The whole series is on this web page).

Contenders for the Faith--A study in the Book of  Jude.  It is the last of  a series of  four messages on the short, one chapter books of  the New Testament.  (The
     whole series is on this web page).

God's Truth Versus Man's Tradition--Mark 7:1-13

Introduction to Daniel--Daniel 1:8.  This is a series of  studies on the book of  Daniel. (Click here to access the series.).

Introduction to the Epistle of  James--James 1:1.  This is a series of  studies on the Epistle of James entitled JOURNEYS IN JAMES  (Click here to access the
     series.).

I Would Not Have You Ignorant of  God's Word--The second in a series of  five messages preached over a radio station and is presented here just as
     broadcasted. (Click here to access the series.).

No Greater Joy--A study in the Book of  3 John.  It is the third of  a series of  four messages on the short, one chapter books of  the New Testament.  (The whole
     series is on this web page).

The Book of  2 Peter--A ten message series which is outlined in the web page Study of  Books.

The Book of  Habakkuk--A message on this short three-chapter book of  the Old Testament.

The Book of  Redemption--An outline study of  Exodus 1-40.

The Book of  Romans--A twenty-four message series which is outlined in the web page Study of  Books.

The Divine Inspiration of  the Scriptures--2 Timothy 3:16

The Necessity of  Bible Reading--Acts 20:32; this is the first of  six-part series (Click here to access the series.).

The New Testament:  The Gospel of  Jesus Christ--John 20 31

To the Elect Lady--A study in the Book of  2 John.  It is the second of  a series of  four messages on the short, one chapter books of  the New Testament.  (The
     whole series is on this web page).


The Book of  Redemption
Exodus 1-40

INTRODUCTION:
     1. The Book of  Genesis
          a. Opened with "In the Beginning"
          b. Closed with "a coffin in Egypt"
          c. Sin and death had taken its toll--Romans 6:23. . . ."For all have sinned, and come short of  the glory of  God;"
     2. Exodus starts where Genesis left off.
          a. Starts with the death of  Joseph
          b. Leads to the bondage of  Israel
     3. Thus, the first chapters deal with:

I. REDEMPTION FROM EGYPT--CHAPTERS 1-12
     A. The Need of  Redemption Declared--Chapter 1
          1. New King
          2. Murderous Decree
               a. Disobeyed by midwives who feared God
               b. Disobeyed by Moses' parents
     B. The Leaders of  Redemption Prepared--Chapters 2-4
          1. The primary leader
               a. Birth of  Moses hidden & found by Pharaoh's daughter--2:1-10
               b. Killed Egyptian & fled to Midian--2:11-15
               c. Marries a Gentile--a type of  Christ--2:16-25
               d. God reveals Himself to Moses--3:1-4:9
                    (I) God's Revelation--3:1-10
                    (II) Moses' three excuses--3:11, 13; 4:1, 10
                    (III) God's three answers--3:12, 14-22; 44:2-9, 11, 12
          2. The second leader prepared--4:13-18
          3. Return to Egypt & deliverance announced to Israel elders--4:19-31
     C. The Contest for Redemption--Chapters 5-11
          1. The first demand & burden increased-- chapter 5
          2. The promises of  God renewed--chapter 6
               a. Chapter 5 gives us a trial.
               b. Chapter 6 gives us the promises of  God
          3. The contests between God and Egyptian gods--chapters 7-11
               a. The plagues increased in severity
               b. The plagues were against those things that Egypt worshipped
               c. The plagues led Pharaoh to try to compromise
              d. The lesson
                   (I) God's dealing with us is often increasing in severity.
                   (II) God deals with those things we falsely worship.
                   (III) God's chastisement sometimes leads us to try to compromise.
     D. The Means of Redemption--Chapter 12
          1. The feast of  the Passover instituted--12:1-14
               a. By blood--vv. 1-6
                    (I) Christ our Passover died for us
                         (A) Romans 5:8--"But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us." 
                         (B) 1 Corinthians 5:7--"Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is
                              sacrificed for us:"
                    (II) Shed His blood
                         (A) Romans 3:24--"Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus:"
                         (B) Luke 22:20--"Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you."
               b. Blood must be applied--v. 7
                    (I) Israelites by faith applying the blood to the door posts
                    (II) We by believing--cf. John 5:24--" Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth My word, and believeth on Him that sent me, hath everlasting life,
                         and shall not come into condemnation; but is passed from death unto life."
               c. Partakers of  the sacrifice--vv. 8-14
                    (I) Spiritually
                    (II) As a memorial
          2. The feast of  unleavened bread instituted--12:15-20
          3. The Passover accomplished--12:21-28
          4. The first-born of  Egypt killed--12:29-36
          5. First stage of  journey mentioned and Passover reiterated-- 12:37-51

II. ROAMING FROM EGYPT TO SINAI--CHAPTER 13-18
     A. God's Protection--Chapter 13
          1. The sanctification of the first-born--vv. 1-18
          2. God's protection in journey to the Red Sea--vv. 19-22
     B. God's Victory--Chapters 14, 15
          1. The pursuit of  the world (as represented by Egypt)--14:1-14
               a. The first test
               b. Israel cries
          2. God's way out--14:15-31
               a. God answers Israel
               b. Israel crosses on dry ground
               c. Pharaoh's army drowned
          3. The Song of  Moses--Chapter 15
               a. First song in Bible--after redemption
               b. Ephesians 5:18, 19--"And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit; [19] Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and
                    spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord;"
     C. God's Provision--Chapters 16-18
          1. For the flesh--16:1-17:7
               a. Tested
                    (I) Twice here
                    (II) Once in last chapter
               b. God provided their need--cf. Matthew 6:25-34--"Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink; nor
                    yet for your body, what ye shall put on.  Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment? [26] Behold the fowls of  the air:  for they sow not,
                    neither do they reap, nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feedeth them.  Are ye not much better than they? [27] Which of  you by taking
                    thought can add one cubit unto his stature? [28] And why take ye thought for raiment?  Consider the lilies of  the field, how they grow; they toil not,
                    neither do they spin: [29] And yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. [30] Wherefore, if  God so
                    clothe the grass of  the field, which today is, and tomorrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of  little faith? [31]
                    Therefore take no thought, saying, What shall we eat? or, What shall we drink? or, Wherewithal shall we be clothed? [32] (For after all these things do
                    the Gentiles seek:) for your heavenly Father knoweth that ye have need of  all these things. [33] But seek ye first the kingdom of  God, and his
                    righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you. [34] Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take thought for the
                    things of  itself.  Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof."
               c. Manna--Christ, the Bread of  Life:  John 6:35--"And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of  life:  he that cometh to Me shall never hunger; and he that
                    believeth on Me shall never thirst."
               d. The Rock--Christ ("Spiritual rock which is Christ"--cf. 1 Corinthians 10:4)
               e. Water--Christ, the Water of  Life--John 4:14. . . . "But whosoever drinketh of  the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall
                    give him shall be in him a well of  water springing up into everlasting life."
          2. Against Satan--17:8-16
               a. Amalek--typical of  Satanic opposition
               b. The provision of  prayer--Ephesians 6:12, 18. . . ."For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the
                    rulers of  the darkness of  this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places. [18] Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, and
                    watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all saints;"
          3. For Moses
               a. Moses heavy load
               b. The load distributed

III. RESIDENCE AT SINAI--CHAPTER 19-40
     A. The Commandments Given--Chapters 19, 20
          1. Preparation for the Law--chapter 19
          2. The commandments themselves--chapter 20
               a. Commandments between God & man
                    (I) Nine of  the ten are reiterated in the New Testament in one form or another.
                    (II) Fourth commandment regarding the keeping of  the Sabbath day is not reiterated under grace.
               b. The commandments between men
               c. The manifestation of  God's holiness
     B. The Ordinances Given--Chapters 21-24
          1. Ordinances concerning men--21:1-27
          2. Ordinances concerning beasts--21:28-22:4
          3. Ordinances concerning restitution--22:5-23:9
          4. Ordinances concerning Sabbaths & sacrifices--23:10-19
          5. The promised return to Canaan--23:20-33
          6. The ordinances given to Israel & Moses returns to the Mount
     C. The Plan of  the Tabernacle Given--Chapters 25-31
          1. The furniture of  the Tabernacle--chapter 25
               a. The ark
                    (I) vv. 1-22
                    (II) Christ, our mercy seat--Romans 3:25. . . ."Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in His blood, to declare his righteousness for
                         the remission of  sins that are past, through the forbearance of  God;"
               b. The table of  showbread
                    (I) vv. 23-30
                    (II) Christ, our bread of  life--John 6:35 (Quoted above)
               c. The candlestick
                    (I) vv. 31-40
                    (II) Christ, the light of the world--John 8:12. . . ."Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of  the world:  he that followeth Me shall not
                         walk in darkness, but shall have the light of  life." 
          2. The walls of  the Tabernacle--chapter 26
               a. The Curtains, pillars, and wall boards
                    (I) vv. 1-30
                   (II) All speak of  Christ
               b. The Vail
                    (I) vv. 31-35
                    (II) Inner Vail which was rent in two at Christ's death
                         (A) Matthew 27:51--"And, behold, the veil of  the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks
                              rent;"
                          (B) Note:  it was rent "from the top to the bottom."
                              (1) Thus, God rent it.
                              (2) The way into the Holy of  Holies was now open to everyone. 
                         (C) The Vail--a type of  His flesh
          3. The outer court of  the Tabernacle--chapter 27
               a. The altar of  burnt offering
                    (I) Vv. 1-8
                    (II) Christ, our altar of  burnt offering
               b. The walls of  the court--vv. 9-19
               c. The oil of  the lamp--vv. 20-21
          4. The office of  the priest--chapters 28, 29
               a. The priest's clothes--chapter 28
               b. The priest's commission--chapter 29
          5. The variations regulations of  the Tabernacle--chapter 30, 31
     D. The Broken Law & Restoration--Chapter 32-34
          1. The sin of  idolatry--32:1-29
               a. First 2 commandments broken
               b. Cf. James 2:10--"For whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in one point, he is guilty of  all."
               c. Cf. Galatians 3:10--"For as many as are of  the works of  the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all
                    things which are written in the book of  the law to do them."
          2. The intercession of Moses--32:30-35
               a. Cf. James 5:13ff.--"Is any among you afflicted? let him pray.  Is any merry? let him sing psalms. [14] Is any sick among you? let him call for the elders
                    of  the church; and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of  the Lord: [15] And the prayer of  faith shall save the sick, and the Lord
                    shall raise him up; and if  he have committed sins, they shall be forgiven him."
               b. Cf. 1 John 5:16, 17--"If  any man see his brother sin a sin which is not unto death, he shall ask, and He shall give him life for them that sin not unto
                    death.  There is a sin unto death:  I do not say that he shall pray for it. [17] All unrighteousness is sin:  and there is a sin not unto death."
          3. The presence of  Jehovah with Moses--chapter 33
          4. The Law renewed--chapter 34
     E. The Tabernacle Built & Set Up--Chapters 35-40
          1. In chapter 25
               a. Plan of  the Tabernacle began with the ark
               b. Godward
          2. Here
               a. Account begins with the court
               b. Manward

CONCLUSION:
     1. Redemption from Egypt--Chapters 1-12
          a. Climax is in chapter 12
          b. Redeemed by the blood of  an innocent one
     2. Roaming from Egypt to Sinai--Chapters 13-18
          a. The threefold battle
               (I) With the world
               (II) With the flesh
               (III) With Satan
          b. The threefold help of  God
               (I) In Protection
               (II) In Victory
               (III) In Provision
     3. Residence at Sinai--Chapters 19-40
          a. The Law Given--chapters 19-24
          b. The Tabernacle Plan Given--chapters 25-31
          c. The Law Broken--chapters 32-34
         d. The Tabernacle Set Up & Fellowship Restored--chapters 35-40


 The Book of  Habakkuk
 Chapters 1-3

INTRODUCTION:
     1. As most people know, the prophets in the Old Testament are divided into two groups:  the major prophets--all over fourteen chapters in length; and the minor
          prophets--all less than fourteen chapters except Hosea and Zechariah.
     2. In this message we are to consider the Book of  Habakkuk.
     3. This short book has three chapters and can be divided accordingly.

I. THE PUNISHMENT OF  JUDAH--Chapter 1
     A. Habakkuk's Remonstrance--vv.1-4
          1. The burden--v. 1
               a. Frequently used by the prophets
                    (I) Cf. Isaiah
                         (A) 13:1--"The burden of  Babylon, which Isaiah the son of  Amoz did see."
                         (B) 14:28--"In the year that king Ahaz died was this burden."
                         (C) 15:1--"The burden of  Moab. Because in the night Ar of  Moab is laid waste, and brought to silence; because in the night Kir of  Moab is laid
                              waste, and brought to silence;"
                         (D) 23:1--"The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in:  from the land of Chittim it is
                              revealed to them."  
                    (II) Zechariah 12:1--"The burden of  the word of  the LORD for Israel, saith the LORD, which stretcheth forth the heavens, and layeth the foundation
                         of  the earth, and formeth the spirit of  man within him."
                    (III) Malachi 1:1--"The burden of  the word of  the LORD to Israel by Malachi."
               b. Refers to the prophetic work
          2. The cry--v. 2
               a. How long
                    (I) God often delays answers.
                    (II) This waiting is for the benefit of  our faith and to teach needs lessons.
                    (III) James 5:7--"Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of  the Lord. Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of  the earth, and
                         hath long patience for it, until he receive the early and latter rain."
               b. Of  unanswered prayer
                    (I) Disobedience--Deuteronomy 1:45. . . ."And ye returned and wept before the LORD; but the LORD would not hearken to your voice, nor give ear
                         unto you."
                    (II) Secret sin--Psalm 66:18. . . ." If  I regard iniquity in my heart, the Lord will not hear me:"
                    (III) Instability--James 1:6, 7. . . ."But let him ask in faith, nothing wavering.  For he that wavereth is like a wave of  the sea driven with the wind and
                         tossed. [7] For let not that man think that he shall receive any thing of  the Lord."
                    (IV) Self-indulgence--James 4:3. . . ."Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may consume it upon your lusts."
                    (V) Lack of  faith--Matthew 21:22. . . ."And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive."
                    (VI) Lesson of  faith
          3. The apparent injustice--vv. 3, 4
               a. What the seer sees about him
                    (I) Iniquity
                    (II) Violence and spoiling
                    (III) Strife and contention
               b. What injustice existed
                    (I) Law despised
                    (II) Judgment lacking
                    (III) Righteous persecuted
     B. God's Reply--vv. 5-11
          1. God is at work.--v. 5
               a. Even if  we do not believe it
               b. Cf. Isaiah 29:14--"Therefore, behold, I will proceed to do a marvelous work among this people, even a marvelous work and a wonder:  for the
                    wisdom of  their wise men shall perish, and the understanding of  their prudent men shall be hid."
          2. God has His instrument--vv.6-10
               a. The Chaldeans raised up--v. 6
               b. The Chaldeans were God's instrument of  judgment--v. 7
               c. The description of  the judgment--vv. 8-10
          3. The instrument to be judged--v. 11
               a. Because of  idolatry
               b. Judgment of  the instrument is the main part of  the prophecy.
               c. Chapter 1 is the background for the prophecy against the Chaldeans.
     C. Habakkuk's Reasonings--vv. 12-17
          1. Based on the nature of  God--vv. 12, 13
               a. His eternal nature--Cf. Deuteronomy 32:40--"For I lift up my hand to heaven, and say, I live forever."
               b. His holiness
                    (I) V. 13 primarily
                    (II) Sin is hateful.
                    (III) Apparent injustice in God for not destroying the wicked
                    (IV) True, God's holiness would cause Him to destroy the wicked, but His mercy and grace would be longsuffering to them.
                         (A) Cf. the case of Jonah and Ninevah
                         (B) Cf. 2 Peter 3:9--"The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that
                              any should perish, but that all should come to repentance."
          2. The illustration--vv. 14, 15
          3. The prosperity of  idolaters
               a. Only apparent
               b. Idolatrous because of  their prosperity?
               c. At this point the seer is only using human reasoning, apart from the divine viewpoint.

II. THE PRONOUNCEMENT AGAINST THE CHALDEANS--Chapter 2
     A. The Sureness of  the Prophecy--vv. 1-3
          1. Waiting on God--v. 1
               a. Prayerful waiting
               b. Prayerful watching
               c. The recognition of  the need of  being reproved
          2. God's word certain--vv. 2, 3
               a. Prophecy to be written down
               b. God will  fulfill His Word.
     B. The Statement of  the Prophecy--vv. 4-20
          1. Its preamble--vv. 4-6a
               a. Their pride--vv. 4, 5a (v. 4b is quoted 3 times in the New testament)
               b. Their greed--v. 5b
               c. Their ambition--v. 5c
               d. The introduction to the prophecy--v.6a
          2. The first woe--vv.6b-8
               a. Against their unjust gain
               b. What they sowed they will reap.
          3. The second woe--vv. 9-11
               a. Against their covetousness
               b. Their sin shall find them out.
          4. The third woe--vv. 12-14
               a. Against their murdering
               b. Against their vanity
               c. The prophecy extends to the millennial kingdom--v.14.
          5. The fourth woe--vv. 15-17
               a. Against drunkenness
               b. Results in humiliation
               c. They shall drink of  God's wrath.
          6. The conclusion--vv. 18-20
               a. Their fall due to idolatry
                    (I) Hinted at in chapter 1
                    (II) Cf. Romans 1:19ff.--"Because that which may be known of  God is manifest in them; for God hath showed it unto them. [20] For the invisible
                         things of  Him from the creation of  the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal power and Godhead;
                         so that they are without excuse:  [21] Because that, when they knew God, they glorified Him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in
                         their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened. [22] Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools, [23] And changed the glory of
                         the incorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and fourfooted beasts, and creeping things. [24] Wherefore God
                         also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of  their own hearts, to dishonor their own bodies between themselves:  [25] Who changed the
                         truth of  God into a lie, and worshiped and served the creature more than the Creator, Who is blessed forever.  Amen."
                    (III) Cf. Acts 17:29--"Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of  God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone,
                         graven by art and man's device."
               b. The glory of  God
                    (I) In the holy temple--cf. 1 Corinthians 6:19, 20. . . ."What? know ye not that your body is the temple of  the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye
                         have of  God, and ye are not your own? [20] For ye are bought with a price:  therefore glorify God in your body, and in your spirit, which are
                         God's."
                    (II) Shuts our mouths
                    (III) It should result in reverence for Him.

III. THE PRAYER OF  HABAKKUK--Chapter 3
     A. The Prominence of  God--vv. 1-15
          1. The beginning of  the prayer--vv. 1, 2
               a. Shigionoth
                    (I) meaning uncertain
                    (II) Sometimes this kind of  term refers to a musical instrument.
                         (A) This writer thinks it is the case here.
                         (B) See the last phrase of verse 19.
                    (III) Other times it refers to some event.
               b. God's Word causes reverential fear.
               c. The desire for revival
               d. The prayer for mercy
          2. The theme of  the prayer--vv. 3-15
               a. The majesty of  God is seen in delivering His people.
               b. God is in control--vv. 3-9a.
               c. God is powerful in deliverance--vv. 9b-13.
               d. God is the downfall of  the wicked--vv. 14, 15
     B. The Place of  the Prophet--vv. 16-19
          1. Fear of  God--v. 16
               a. A glimpse of  God will cause anyone to tremble.
               b. A glimpse of  God will cause one to realize his own sinfulness.
                    (I) Job 42:5, 6--"I have heard of  Thee by the hearing of  the ear: but now mine eye seeth Thee. [6] Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and
                         ashes."
                    (II) Isaiah 6:5--"Then said I, 'Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of  unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of  a people of  unclean lips:
                         for mine eyes have seen the King, the LORD of  hosts.'"
          2. Rejoice in God--vv. 17, 18
               a. In spite of  circumstances--v. 17
               b. Because God saves--v. 18
          3. Strengthened by God--v. 19
               a. God is our strength
                    (I) Psalm 46:1--"To the chief Musician for the sons of  Korah, A Song upon Alamoth.  God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble."
                    (II) Philippians 4:13--"I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me."
               b. God will exalt us--cf. 1 Peter 5:6. . . ."Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of  God, that he may exalt you in due time:"

CONCLUSION:
     1. God punishes His people, often using the unsaved as His instruments.
     2. God judges His instruments for their misuse of  His blessings.
     3. God is in control of circumstances.
     4. We need to take the place of  the prophet.
          a. Realizing our sinfulness
          b. Rejoicing in God our Savior in spite of  circumstances
          c. Relying on God to strengthen and to exalt us.


The Necessity of  Bible Reading
Acts 20:32

INTRODUCTION:
     1. Winston's Dictionary defines necessary as "existing from the nature of  the case, not to be done without, unavoidable, obligatory."
     2. When we consider "Necessary Things for Christians," we have in mind those things with which a Christian can not do.
     3. It is those things that are needed for the growth of  a Christian life, just as food is to the physical life.
     4. These things are pondered on the assumption that you have spiritual life, i.e., that you have been born again by faith in Jesus Christ as personal Lord and
          Saviour.
     5. In Acts 20:32, we find the first of  these necessary things: "The Necessity of  Bible Reading."
     6. "And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of  His grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them
          which are sanctified." (Acts 20:32)
6. The text tells us about:

I. THE WORD OF  GRACE
     A. The Source
          1. God
               a. It is His grace.
               b. 1 Peter 5:10--"But the God of  all grace, who hath called us unto his eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after that ye have suffered a while, make you perfect,
                    establish, strengthen, settle you."
               c. 1 Corinthians 15:10--"But by the grace of  God I am what I am:  and His grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain; but I labored more
                    abundantly than they all:  yet not I, but the grace of  God which was with me."
          2. The Word
               a. 2 Timothy 3:16--"All Scripture is given by inspiration of  God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:"
               b. The phrase "Word of  God" occurs frequently in Scripture indicating God as the source.
     B. The Nature
          1. Grace is unmerited favor.
          2. Grace is the means of  salvation--Ephesians 2:8. . . ."For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of  yourselves:  it is the gift of  God:"
          3. Thus, the word of  grace is the means of  life.

TRANSITION: We are commended first to the Source of  life--God; then to the means of  life--His gracious Word.  Therefore:

II. THE WORD OF GRACE IS ABLE TO BUILD YOU UP.
     A. It is Spiritual Food.
          1. Psalm 119:103--"How sweet are Thy words unto my taste! yea, sweeter than honey to my mouth!"
          2. Hebrews 5:12-14--"For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first principles of  the oracles of 
               God; and are become such as have need of  milk, and not of  strong meat. [13] For every one that useth milk is unskillfull in the word of  righteousness:
               for he is a babe. [14] But strong meat belongeth to them that are of  full age, even those who by reason of  use have their senses exercised to discern both
               good and evil."
          3. 1 Peter 2:2--"As newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of  the word, that ye may grow thereby:"
     B. It is the Source of  Knowledge.
          1. 2 Timothy 3:15--"And that from a child thou hast known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in
               Christ Jesus."
          2. 2 Peter 3:16, 18--"As also in all his [Paul's] epistles, speaking in them of  these things; in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are
               unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other Scriptures, unto their own destruction."
          3. John 8:31,32--"Then said Jesus to those Jews which believed on Him, 'If  ye continue in My word, then are ye My disciples indeed; [32] And ye shall
               know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.'"
 
TRANSITION: The Word of  grace coming from God and being the means of  life is able to build us up, but also:

III. THE WORD OF  GRACE GIVES US AN INHERITANCE.
     A. The Nature of  Our Inheritance
          1. Acts 26:18--"To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of  Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of
               sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in Me."
          2. Ephesians 1:11--"In Whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of  Him Who worketh all things after the
               counsel of  His own will:"
          3. 1 Peter 1:3, 4--"Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which according to His abundant mercy hath begotten us again unto a lively
               hope by the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, [4] To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for
               you,"
     B. The Basis of  Our Inheritance
          1. Sanctified ones
          2. Thus, saints
               a. Saints are those who have been born again.
               b. Saints are not necessarily holy ones--i.e. the Corinthians who were called saints, but had all sorts of  errors and sins.

CONCLUSION:
     1. The necessity of  Bible reading is seen in the fact that the Bible is God's word of  grace.
     2. The necessity of  Bible reading is seen in the fact that it alone is able to build us up spiritually.
          a. It is our spiritual food.
          b. It is the source of  all spiritual knowledge.
     3. The necessity of  Bible reading in that God's Word provides an inheritance.
     4. "And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of  His grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them
          which are sanctified." (Acts 20:32)
     5. Will you be faithful in Bible reading?


 The Divine Inspiration of  the Scriptures
2 Timothy 3:16
 

INTRODUCTION:
          1. In these days of denial of  the importance of doctrine, we need to stand up and say, "These Things We Believe."
          2. One of those things we believe is "The Divine Inspiration of  the Scriptures."
          3. 2 Timothy 3:16--"All Scripture is given by inspiration of  God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:"
          4. As we consider the inspiration of  the Scriptures, ponder:

I. ITS CONCEPT
     A. In Meaning
          1. Literally, "God breathed"
               a. A similar phrase occurs in Job 32:8.
               b. This term was never used among idolatrous Greeks concerning the writings of  their gods.
               c. Similar terms were used by Hellenistic Jews concerning the Old Testament.
                    (I) Josephus--(actual source unknown)
                    (II) Philo--Ibid.
          2. Implies that the agent is the Holy Spirit--Cf. 2 Peter 1:21 ("For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of  man: but holy men of  God spake as they
               were moved [borne along] by the Holy Ghost."
          3. Inspiration is asserted in Scripture, not explained.
     B. In Authorship
          1. Authorship is dual.
               a. Divine
                    (I) Has been overemphasized in the past by Evangelicals.
                    (II) "The Scriptures are the Word of  God in the sense that they originate with Him and are the expression of  His mind alone." (Chafer, Lewis Sperry,
                         Systematic Theology.  Dallas, TX: Dallas Seminary Press, c1947; I:72)
               b. Human
                    (I) Overemphasized by liberal and neo-orthodox today
                    (II) "Certain men have been chosen of God for the high honor and responsibility of  receiving God's Word and transcribing it into written form." (Ibid.)
          2. 2 Peter 1:21 is a main passage.
               a. "For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost."
               b. Bears out the duality of authorship
               c. Shows that the Holy Spirit is agent
               d. Teaches that these set-apart men were "borne along" by the Holy Spirit
               e. Does not teach the "how" of  inspiration
          3. Several verbal theories of  inspiration have been set forth.
               a. Dictation
                    (I) God dictated every word to men.
                    (II) Divine authorship is emphasized to the near exclusion of  human authorship.
                         (A) Some personal matters would be unnecessary under this view.
                         (B) Romans 16:22 would be out of  place under this view.--"I Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord." (Tertius was Paul's
                              secretary)
                    (III) Styles and writings would not be different very much, which they do.
                    (IV) This view virtually annuls rather than uses the various writers' minds and wills.
                    (V) Many good Bible-believing men hold this view and is honoring to God.
               b. Partial
                    (I) Inspiration reaches only to doctrinal teaching and precepts, and to truths unknowable to the human author.
                    (II) Tends to separate the dual authorship of  the Scriptures
                    (III) Denies inspiration to parts of  the Bible
                         (A) How do we know (or determine) which parts are inspired?
                         (B) How do we know (or determine) which parts are not inspired?
                    (IV) Finds no support in Scripture
                    (V) Basically a rationalistic view
               c. Degrees
                    (I) Some portions of  Scripture are more inspired than others.
                    (II) Another attempt to divide the dual authorship
                    (III) Leads to the assertion that the Bible is full of  errors.
                    (IV) Characteristic of  liberals and neo-orthodox
                    (V) No Biblical support
               d. Concepts
                    (I) Ideas are inspired but not words.
                    (II) Minimizes the divine authorship and concedes too much to higher critics.
                    (III) Words are necessary to convey ideas; thus, a change of  word can change the idea.
                    (IV) This view has resurfaced in the KJV vs. other translations controversy; in fact, it is one of  the main reasons used for so-called newer translations.
               e. Natural
                    (I) This view equates Biblical inspiration with that of  musicians and poets.
                    (II) Emphasizes human authorship to the exclusion of  the divine
                    (III) The lowest idea of  inspiration
                    (IV) Does not secure the accuracy of  the Scriptures (They that hold this view care less about accuracy and/or truth.)
               f. Verbal, plenary
                    (I) Will be considered in detail next
                    (II) True of  every portion of  Scripture
                    (III) True of  every word of  Scripture

TRANSITION: We see, therefore, what inspiration means. Examine now:

II. ITS COMPLETENESS
     A. Extends to All Scripture
          1. Every portion
               a. "All Scripture is given by inspiration of  God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:" 
               b. Historical
               c. Scientific
               d. Doctrinal
               e. Moral
          2. Old Testament
               a. 2 Peter 1:21 (Quoted above)
               b. In the Old Testament itself
                    (I) "The Word of  the Lord came unto me saying"
                    (II) "Thus saith the Lord"
                    (III) Many equivalent phrases
                    (IV) Isaiah 40:8--"The grass withereth, the flower fadeth: but the word of our God shall stand forever."
               c. In the New Testament
                    (I) Matthew 22:43--"He saith unto them, 'How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,'"
                    (II) Acts 4:25--"Who by the mouth of  thy servant David hast said, 'Why did the heathen rage, and the people imagine vain things?'
                    (III) Hebrews 3:7--"Wherefore (as the Holy Ghost saith, 'Today if  ye will hear his voice,')"
               d. By Christ Himself
                    (I) Repeatedly witnessed to the divine inspiration of  the Old Testament
                    (II) Accepted it in its entirety as well as in its parts
                    (III) It is interesting to note that the very portions that the critics first attacked--the five books of  Moses and Jonah--are the very portions that Jesus
                         verifies.
          4. The New Testament
               a. Christ's authority
                    (I) John 14:25, 26--"These things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with you. [26] But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, Whom the
                         Father will send in My name, He shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you."
                    (II) John 15:26, 27--"But when the Comforter is come, Whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of  truth, which proceedeth from
                         the Father, he shall testify of  Me: [27] And ye also shall bear witness, because ye have been with me from the beginning."
                    (III) John 16:12-15--"I have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now. [13] Howbeit when He, the Spirit of  truth, is come, He
                         will guide you into all truth:  for He shall not speak of  himself; but whatsoever He shall hear, that shall He speak: and He will show you things to
                         come. [14] He shall glorify Me:  for He shall receive of  Mine, and shall show it unto you. [15] All things that the Father hath are Mine:  therefore
                         said I, that He shall take of  Mine, and shall show it unto you."
               b. Apostles claimed Divine inspiration
                    (I) 1 Corinthians 14:37--"If  any man think himself to be a prophet, or spiritual, let him acknowledge that the things that I write unto you are the
                         commandments of  the Lord."
                    (II) 1 Thessalonians 2:13--"For this cause also thank we God without ceasing, because, when ye received the word of  God which ye heard of  us,
                         ye received it not as the word of  men, but as it is in truth, the word of  God, which effectually worketh also in you that believe. "
                    (III) 1 John 5:10, 11--"He that believeth on the Son of  God hath the witness in himself:  he that believeth not God hath made Him a liar; because he
                         believeth not the record that God gave of  His Son. [11] And this is the record, that God hath given to us eternal life, and this life is in His Son."
                    (IV) 2 Peter 3:2--"That ye may be mindful of  the words which were spoken before by the holy prophets, and of  the commandment of  us the apostles
                         of  the Lord and Savior:"
                    (V) Revelation 1:1, 19 imply it.--"The Revelation of  Jesus Christ, which God gave unto Him, to show unto His servants things which must shortly
                          come to pass; and He sent and signified it by His angel unto His servant John:  [19] Write the things which thou hast seen, and the things which are,
                          and the things which shall be hereafter;"
               c. Some apostles showed inspiration of  others.
                    (I) Luke is quoted by Paul as Scripture--1 Timothy 5:18. . . ."For the Scripture saith, 'Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn.'  And,
                         'The laborer is worthy of  his reward.'"
                         (A) First part is from Deuteronomy 25:4.--"Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the corn." 
                         (B) Second part is from Luke 10:7.--"And in the same house remain, eating and drinking such things as they give:  for the laborer is worthy of  his
                              hire.  Go not from house to house." [This latter phrase is not to betaken as a criticism of door-to-door visitation.]
                    (II) Peter states divine inspiration of  Pauline epistles--2 Peter 3:15, 16. . . ."And account that the longsuffering of  our Lord is salvation; even as our
                         beloved brother Paul also according to the wisdom given unto him hath written unto you; [16] As also in all his epistles, speaking in them of  these
                         things; in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other Scriptures, unto
                         their own destruction."
     B. Extends to the Very Words
          1. The Lord argued from a single word and for a single letter.
               a. Matthew 5:18--"For verily I say unto you, 'Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled'."
               b. Matthew 22:41-45--"While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, [42] Saying, 'What think ye of  Christ? Whose Son is He?'  They
                    say unto him, 'The son of  David.' [43] He saith unto them, 'How then doth David in Spirit call Him Lord, saying, [44] "The LORD said unto my Lord,
                    Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?" [45] If  David then call Him, "Lord", how is He his son?'"
               c. Luke 21:33--"Heaven and earth shall pass away: but My words shall not pass away."
          2. Other instances can be cited.
               a. Jeremiah 1:9--"Then the LORD put forth His hand, and touched my mouth.  And the LORD said unto me, Behold, I have put My words in thy mouth."
               b. Galatians 3:16--Paul makes a distinction between the singular and the plural. ("Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made.  He saith not,
                    'And to seeds,' as of  many; but as of  one, 'And to thy seed,' which is Christ.")
               c. 1 Corinthians 2:10-13--Words are specifically mentioned. ("But God hath revealed them unto us by His Spirit:  for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea,
                    the deep things of  God. [11] For what man knoweth the things of  a man, save the spirit of  man which is in him? even so the things of  God knoweth
                    no man, but the Spirit of  God. [12] Now we have received, not the spirit of  the world, but the Spirit which is of  God; that we might know the things
                    that are freely given to us of  God. [13] Which things also we speak, not in the words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost
                    teacheth; comparing spiritual things with spiritual.")
               d. Hebrews 4:7--Argument hinges on the single word, "Today." ("Again, he limiteth a certain day, saying in David, 'Today', after so long a time; as it is
                    said, 'Today if  ye will hear his voice, harden not your hearts.'")
          3. Therefore, the concept or idea theory--ideas not the words of  Scripture inspired--is manifestly in error.

TRANSITION: The Scriptures are inspired of  God; this inspiration is both plenary--extending to all of  the Bible, and verbal--extending to the very words of 
     Scripture.  In the light of  these facts, concerning inspiration, we need to ponder:

III. ITS CONSEQUENCES
     A. Necessary to Salvation
          1. Stated in Scripture
               a. 2 Timothy 3:15--"And that from a child thou hast known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in
                    Christ Jesus." 
               b. Romans10:17--"So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of  God." 
               c. 1 Peter 1:23--"Being born again, not of  corruptible seed, but of  incorruptible, by the word of  God, which liveth and abideth forever." 
          2. Apart from the Scripture, we would never learn of  Jesus Christ.
               a. It is not the church from which we learn of  Christ. (In spite of  the claims of  a so-called church)
               b. The organized church has often corrupted what Jesus Christ came to do.
               c. It is by the Word of  God we learn of  Jesus Christ.
          3. "The Church from her Master Received the gift divine, And still that light she lifteth O'er all the earth to shine.  It is the golden casket, Where gems of  truth
               are stored; it is the heaven-drawn picture Of Christ, the living Word." (The Service Hymnal.  Chicago:  Hope Publishing Company, 1958; 130, stanza 2)
     B. Profitable for Christian Living
          1. Stated in Scripture
               a. Our text and  verse 17--"All Scripture is given by inspiration of  God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in
                    righteousness: [17] That the man of  God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto all good works."
               b. 1 Peter 2:2, 3--"As newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of  the word, that ye may grow thereby: [3] If  so be ye have tasted that the Lord is
                    gracious."
          2. The source of  doctrine
               a. The basis for every well-known creed
               b. The basis of  many statements of  faith
          3. The purpose of  it
               a. It reproves us.
               b. It corrects us.
               c. It instructs us in righteousness.
               d. It is for our perfecting.
          4. "Holy Bible, book divine, Precious treasure, thou are mine; Mine to tell me whence I came; Mine to teach me what I am; Mine to chide me when I rove;
               Mine to show a Saviour's love; Mine thou art to guide and guard; Mine to punish or reward; Mine to comfort in distress, Suffering in this wilderness; Mine
               to show by living faith, Man can triumph over death; Mine to tell of joys to come, And the rebel sinner's doom; O thy holy book divine, Precious treasure
               thou are mine." (The Service Hymnal, 126)

CONCLUSION:
     1. The concept of  this inspiration is seen in
          a. Its meaning:  God-breathed
          b. Its dual authorship
               (I) Divine
               (II) Yet human
               (III) Just like the Living Word, Jesus, the God-man
     2. The completeness of  this inspiration is seen in
         a. Its extending to all the Bible
         b. Its extending to the very words
     3. The consequences of  this inspiration is seen in
          a. Its necessity for knowing the way of  salvation:  through Jesus Christ, the Living Word.
          b. Its profitableness for Christian Living
     4. In the light of  the Divine inspiration of  the Scriptures
          a. Unbeliever, what are you going to do?
               (I) Reject God's divine truth, either passively by neglect or actively by blasphemy
               (II) Accept God's way to Him through the death of  the Lord Jesus Christ
          b. Believer, what are you going to do?
               (I) Ignore it to your own hurt?
               (II) Act upon what God says to do in that very Word
     5. "Great Son of righteous, arise, Bless the dark world with heavenly light; Thy gospel makes the simple wise, Thy laws are pure, Thy judgments right.  Thy
          noblest wonders here we view In souls renewed and sins forgiven; Lord, cleanse my sins, my soul renew, And make Thy Word my guide to heaven." (The
          Service Hymnal, 128, stanzas 3 and 4)
     6. "All Scripture is given by inspiration of  God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:" (2 Timothy 3:16)


 Charge It to My Account
Philemon1-25

INTRODUCTION:
     1. How many of  you have one or more charge accounts?
     2. If  you do, you know how easy it is to walk into a store, choose some merchandise, and say to the clerk, "Charge It to My Account."
     3. As we begin a study of  the four shortest epistles of  the New Testament, we consider the "Charge-account" epistle, the personal letter of  Paul to Philemon.
     4. We call it the "Charge-account" epistle because of vv. 18, 19a.
     5. "If  he hath wronged thee, or oweth thee aught, put that on mine account; [19a] I Paul have written it with mine own hand, I will repay it:" 
     6. But consider first:

I. THE GREETING FROM PAUL--vv. 1-3. . . ."Paul, a prisoner of  Jesus Christ, and Timothy our brother, unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow laborer,
     [2] And to our beloved Apphia, and Archippus our fellow soldier, and to the church in thy house:  [3] Grace to you, and peace, from God our Father and the
     Lord Jesus Christ."
     A. The Persons Involved--vv. 1, 2
          1. The Apostle Paul himself
               a. A prisoner--most probably first imprisonment in Rome
               b. Note: a prisoner of  Jesus Christ
                    (I) In prison for Christ's sake, not his own
                    (II) Cf. Ephesians 3:1--"For this cause I Paul, the prisoner of  Jesus Christ for you Gentiles,"
          2. Timothy
               a. His son in the faith--cf. 1 Timothy 1:2--"Unto Timothy, my own son in the faith: Grace, mercy, and peace, from God our Father and Jesus Christ our
                    Lord." 
               b. A brother in the faith
          3. Philemon
               a. Our beloved
                    (I) The word dearly has no Greek basis, but doubtlessly expresses the heart of  Paul.
                    (II) Used frequently as a form of  address by Christians of  one another
               b. Fellow-laborer--literally: a worker together
               c. Well-to-do citizen of  Colosse
                    (I) Colossians 4:9 shows citizenship, indirectly. ("With Onesimus, a faithful and beloved brother, who is one of you.  They shall make known unto you
                         all things which are done here." [Remember, Philemon is about Onesimus.]
                    (II) Had slaves
                         (A) Paul did not speak out against slavery here.
                         (B) This issue will be discuss later.
          4. Philemon's family
               a. Apphia
                    (I) Probably Philemon's wife
                    (II) The word beloved here
                         (A) Actually the word for sister
                         (B) A wife was sometimes referred to as a "sister." --1 Corinthians 9:5. . . ."Have we not power to lead about a sister, a wife, as well as other
                              apostles, and as the brethren of  the Lord, and Cephas?"
               b. Archippus
                    (I) A fellowsoldier
                         (A) Of  Christ
                         (B) May have been used as appealing to a young man
                    (II) Possibly a son of  Philemon
          5. The church is Philemon's house
               a. The letter was of  a personal nature.
               b. Nevertheless, he was to read it to all of  the church, meeting in his house, for benefit of  the church.
     B. The Greeting Imparted--v. 3
          1. Grace to you, etc.
               a. All of  the Pauline epistles have this greeting except Hebrews.
               b. Grace and peace generally connected in this greeting.
               c. Mercy is often added to the greeting.
               d. Notice the order here: Grace, then peace.
          2. Two Persons of  the Trinity mentioned
               a. He presents God as our Father.
               b. He sets forth the Lordship of  Jesus Christ--sometimes His Saviorhood is added to the greeting.

TRANSITION: After this greeting from Paul, we find set forth:

II. THE CHARACTER OF  PHILEMON--vv. 4-7. . . ."I thank my God, making mention of  thee always in my prayers, [5] Hearing of  thy love and faith, which
     thou hast toward the Lord Jesus, and toward all saints; [6] That the communication of  thy faith may become effectual by the acknowledging of  every good thing
     which is in you in Christ Jesus.  [7] For we have great joy and consolation in thy love, because the bowels of  the saints are refreshed by thee, brother."
     A. His Faith in the Lord
          1. Paul prays for him.
               a. Paul readily gives thanks to God for this man.
               b. Paul's heart goes out to this man in prayer to God.
          2. His faith in Christ is seen.
               a. He has faith toward the Lord Jesus.
               b. Paul prays for the communicating of  that faith to others.
               c. The communicating is by acknowledging the good things in his life which are the result of  being in Christ Jesus.
     B. His Love for the Brethren
          1. The result of  love for the Lord--cf. 1 John 4:21
          2. The love
               a. Gives the apostle great joy and consolation
               b. Causes Philemon to refresh the hearts of  others believers--i.e., saints
                    (I) Not just a verbal love
                    (II) Demonstrated in actual giving
                    (III) Illustration:  The couple in Abingdon, VA, that assisted this writer and his wife after the car broke down went beyond just helping them to get to a
                         garage.  They housed and fed them for several days while arrangements for a towing to where they lived was being made.  

TRANSITION: Having greeted Philemon and spoken of  his character, Paul comes to the heart of  his letter as seen in:

III. THE INTERCESSION FOR ONESIMUS--vv. 8-21
     A. Its Basis-- vv. 8. 9. . . ."Wherefore, though I might be much bold in Christ to enjoin thee that which is convenient, [9] Yet for love's sake I rather beseech
          thee, being such a one as Paul the aged, and now also a prisoner of Jesus Christ." 
          1. A spiritual one--vv. 8, 9a
               a. Could have demanded of  Philemon that which was fitting.
               b. Instead he beseeches (begs of)
               c. Made on the grounds of  grace as demonstrated in love for one another
          2. A personal one--v. 9b
               a. His own demonstration of  love for Philemon
               b. His age--perhaps 60 years old which in those days was old.
               c. His imprisonment--note that this is the second time he refers to himself as the Lord's prisoner.
     B. Its Beneficiary--v. 10, 11. . . ."I beseech thee for my son Onesimus, whom I have begotten in my bonds:  [11] Which in time past was to thee unprofitable,
          but now profitable to thee and to me:"
          1. Onesimus
              a. Name means "profitable"
              b. But he was unprofitable to Philemon
              c. Now profitable to Paul and Philemon
          2. My son begotten in my bonds
               a. Onesimus was a runaway slave and a thief.
               b. He naturally came to Rome.
               c. Somehow he came in contact with Paul, doubtlessly by being imprisoned.
              d. He became saved.
              e. The change
                   (I) Resulted in fellowship with Paul
                   (II) Told Paul the whole story
     C. Its Purpose--vv. 12-21
          1. Reception of  Onesimus--vv. 12-14. . . ."Whom I have sent again:  thou therefore receive him, that is, mine own bowels:  [13] Whom I would have
               retained with me, that in thy stead he might have ministered unto me in the bonds of  the gospel:  [14] But without thy mind would I do nothing; that thy
               benefit should not be as it were of  necessity, but willingly."
               a. Sent back by Paul
               b. To be received as part of  Paul himself
               c. Paul would have retained him in place of  Philemon to serve him.
               d. He did not wish to do so without Philemon's consent.
                    (I) Remember, legally Onesimus was Philemon's property.
                   (II) He wanted Philemon's
                        (A) Mind
                        (B) Benefit
                        (C) Will
          2. Restoration of  Onesimus--vv. 15, 16. . . ."For perhaps he therefore departed for a season, that thou shouldest receive him forever; [16] Not now as a
               servant, but above a servant, a brother beloved, especially to me, but how much more unto thee, both in the flesh and in the Lord?"
               a. Departure for a time to have him forever
               b. To be especially loved by Philemon
                    (I) No longer as a slave
                    (II) Now as a brother in Christ
               c. Restored forever--speaks of  security
          3. Recognition of  Onesimus--v. 17. . . ."If  thou count me therefore a partner, receive him as myself."
               a. Receive him as myself.
                    (I) What a beautiful and lovely suggestion
                    (II) Picture Philemon reading this letter to his wife and son; and he comes to this statement--"We are to receive him
                         as if  he were the Apostle himself."
               b. A picture of  identification
                    (I) Paul--represents Christ
                    (II) Philemon--represents the Father
                   (III) Onesimus--represents the sinner
                        (A) Born a slave
                        (B) Becomes a transgressor
                        (C) Unable to pay the debt
                        (D) Deserved death
               c. Shows the indirect social effect of  the Gospel
                    (I) In the flesh--still a slave
                    (II) In the Lord--a brother
                    (III) If  one were to treat a slave as a brother, the slavery would soon disappear.
                    (IV) NOTE: No direct action against a social wrong even suggested
          4. Reconciliation of Onesimus--vv. 18, 19. . . ."If  he hath wronged thee, or oweth thee aught, put that on mine account; [19] I Paul have written it with mine
               own hand, I will repay it:  albeit I do not say to thee how thou owest unto me even thine own self besides." 
               a. If  he has wrong thee or owes thee anything
                    (I) Onesimus had wronged Philemon by running away.
                    (II) Onesimus owed Philemon his life, for he was a slave.
                    (III) Onesimus owed Philemon more, for this statement is a tactful way of  saying that Onesimus was a thief.
               b. Charge it to my account
                    (I) Picture of  imputation--our sins were charged to the Lord when He took them on Himself.
                    (II) Picture of  substitution
                         (A) Verse 19a
                         (B) If  Paul did not actually write the whole letter (which was generally the case), he had to write this, for Roman law required a person to put a
                              matter in writing to be legal.
                         (C) Paul is legally making himself obligated for Onesimus' debt to Philemon--In like manner, Jesus Christ legally paid our debt of  sin.
                    (III) Philemon owed much more to Paul anyway--v. 19b
          5. Realization for Onesimus--vv. 20, 21. . . ."Yea, brother, let me have joy of  thee in the Lord: refresh my bowels in the Lord.  [21] Having confidence in thy
               obedience I wrote unto thee, knowing that thou wilt also do more than I say." 
               a. It will give the apostle real joy.
               b. It will refresh the apostle greatly.
               c. He knows Philemon will not only obey his entreaty, but will do more than he said.

TRANSITION: Having seen Paul's intercession in behalf of  Onesimus--and what lessons in prayer there are in that, we hear:

IV. THE CONCLUSION FROM PAUL--vv. 22-25. . . ."But withal prepare me also a lodging: for I trust that through your prayers I shall be given unto you.
     [23] There salute thee Epaphras, my fellow prisoner in Christ Jesus; [24] Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, Luke, my fellow laborers.  [25] The grace of  our Lord
          Jesus Christ be with your spirit.  Amen."
     A. His Expectation--v. 22
          1. He requests preparation of  a place for him to stay.
          2. He hopes for deliverance from prison through their prayers.
          3. He requests their prayers in his behalf.
     B. His Friends--vv. 23, 24
          1. Epaphras
               a. His fellow prisoner for the sake of  the Gospel
               b. Apparently was either a pastor or former pastor to the Colosse church.
                    (I) Colossians 1:7--"As ye also learned of  Epaphras our dear fellow servant, who is for you a faithful minister of  Christ;"
                    (II) Colossians 4:12--"Epaphras, who is one of  you, a servant of  Christ, saluteth you, always laboring fervently for you in prayers, that ye may stand
                         perfect and complete in all the will of  God."
          2. Mark
               a. The same John Mark over whom Paul and Barnabas disputed
                    (I) Cf. Acts 13:13 with 15:36ff.--"[13:13] Now when Paul and his company loosed from Paphos, they came to Perga in Pamphylia: and John [Context
                         shows this to be John Mark.] departing from them returned to Jerusalem.  [15:36] And some days after Paul said unto Barnabas, 'Let us go again
                         and visit our brethren in every city where we have preached the word of  the Lord, and see how they do.' [15:37] And Barnabas determined to
                         take with them John, whose surname was Mark. [15:38] But Paul thought not good to take him with them, who departed from them from
                         Pamphylia, and went not with them to the work. [15:39] And the contention was so sharp between them, that they departed asunder one from the
                         other: and so Barnabas took Mark, and sailed unto Cyprus;"
                    (II) Colossians 4:10--"Aristarchus my fellow prisoner saluteth you, and Mark, sister's son to Barnabas, (touching whom ye received commandments:
                         if  he come unto you, receive him;)"
               b. It is wonderful to see these two brothers reconciled to each other.
          3. Aristarchus
               a. Also a fellow prisoner
               b. Also mentioned
                    (I) Acts 19:29--"And the whole city was filled with confusion:  and having caught Gaius and Aristarchus, men of  Macedonia, Paul's companions in
                         travel, they rushed with one accord into the theater." 
                    (II) Colossians 4:10 (Quoted above)
          4. Demas
               a. With Paul at this time
               b. Forsook Paul later--2 Timothy 4:10--"For Demas hath forsaken me, having loved this present world, and is departed unto Thessalonica; Crescens to
                    Galatia, Titus unto Dalmatia."
          5. Ever faithful Dr. Luke
     C. His Benediction--v. 25
          1. This benediction, or variations thereof, appear at or near the end of  each Pauline epistle.
          2. Plainly states that this is one of  the authenticating marks of  his letters--2 Thessalonians 3:17, 18. . . ."The salutation of  Paul with mine own hand, which is
               the token in every epistle:  so I write. [18] The grace of  our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all.  Amen." 

CONCLUSION:
     1. There are many lessons to draw from this letter to Philemon.
     2. This writer have tried to give you an overall view, trusting that you caught some of  the lessons.
     3. He cite two lessons.
          a. The doctrinal --pictures
               (I) Identification
               (II) Imputation
               (III) Substitution
          b. The practical--the loving and prayerful concern of  the apostle's heart
               (I) This should be true of  every pastor (but too often they are self serving and lack love).
               (II) This ought also to be so of  every believer in Christ Jesus (but again too often lacking).
     4. Will you learn well the doctrinal lessons, and then practice the practical one?
(To access the next of  the four short epistles, go to the top.)


 To the Elect Lady
2 John 1-13

INTRODUCTION:
     1. We considered Philemon, the first of  the four small epistles in the New Testament.
     2. Philemon, you will recall, was written by Paul to an individual believer who lived in Colosse.
     3. In this message we study another short epistle written to an individual by the Apostle John namely 2 John.
     4. Be sure to read 2 John
     5. We see from this letter:

I. THE BONDS OF  LOVE AND TRUTH--vv. 1-6. . . ."The elder unto the elect lady and her children, whom I love in the truth; and not I only, but also all they
     that have known the truth; [2] For the truth's sake, which dwelleth in us, and shall be with us forever.  [3] Grace be with you, mercy, and peace, from God the
     Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of  the Father, in truth and love.  [4] I rejoiced greatly that I found of  thy children walking in truth, as we have
     received a commandment from the Father.  [5] And now I beseech thee, lady, not as though I wrote a new commandment unto thee, but that which we had from
     the beginning, that we love one another.  [6] And this is love, that we walk after His commandments. This is the commandment, That, as ye have heard from the
     beginning, ye should walk in it."
     A. In Relation to Believers--vv. 1, 2
          1. The elect lady
               a. Who is she?
                    (I) Some say a church or the church in general.
                         (A) Chief reason for this view is that her children are believers.
                         (B) Objections
                              (1) Letter is too specific to be to a church or the church in general.
                              (2) The fact that her children are believers is no argument for it being a church.
                              (3) It violates literal interpretation (the most important reason).
                    (II) Others say an individual woman.
                         (A) Reasons
                              (1) Personal approach
                              (2) Addressed in verse 5
                              (3) Salutation in verse 13--"The children of  thy elect sister greet thee.  Amen."
                         (B) Only objection is that she is not specifically named.
                        (C) Possibilities
                             (1) Lady Electa
                                  (a) Would take care of  the one objection
                                  (b) However, Electa is not known elsewhere as a proper name.
                             (2) Elect Kyria
                                  (a) Also takes care of  the objection against an individual.
                                  (b) Though this is possible no reason for it.
                                  (c) Verse 13 then should read Elect Adelpha.
                             (3) Best solution
                                  (a) KJV:  Elect lady
                                  (b) The objection to it being an individual is not answered by this.
                                       ((I)) Other people have been referred to without being named.
                                       ((II)) The objection is not really important because it still specifies an individual.
                                  (c) Some influential Christian lady
               b. She is shown Christian love by the apostle.
          2. Love for believers
               a. Prominent theme in John's first epistle
                    (I) 1 John 3:1, 10-18--"Behold, what manner of  love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called the sons of  God: therefore the
                         world knoweth us not, because it knew Him not.  [10] In this the children of  God are manifest, and the children of  the devil: whosoever doeth
                         [practices] not righteousness is not of  God, neither he that loveth not his brother. [11] For this is the message that ye heard from the beginning, that
                         we should love one another. [12] Not as Cain, who was of  that wicked one, and slew his brother.  And wherefore slew he him?  Because his own
                         works were evil, and his brother's righteous. [13] Marvel not, my brethren, if  the world hate you. [14] We know that we have passed from death
                         unto life, because we love the brethren.  He that loveth not his brother abideth in death. [15] Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye
                         know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him. [16] Hereby perceive we the love of  God, because He laid down His life for us:  and we
                         ought to lay down our lives for the brethren. [17] But whoso hath this world's good, and seeth his brother have need, and shutteth up his bowels of
                         compassion from him, how dwelleth the love of  God in him? [18] My little children, let us not love in word, neither in tongue; but in deed and in
                         truth."
                    (II) 1 John 4:7-21 (Be sure to read this lengthy passage.)
               b. True love is always related to truth.
                    (I) Noticeable in 1 John 3 where we saw love associated with truth (verse 18 above)
                    (II) Evident here in this epistle
                    (III) Shown in 3 John (which you will see in the study of  that epistle)
     B. In Relation to God--v. 3
          1. Grace, mercy, and peace
               a. From God the Father
                    (I) He is "the God of  all grace. He is the fountain of  blessedness, and of  all the blessings that must bring us thither." (Henry, Matthew, Commentary
                         on the Whole Bible.  Mc Lean VA:  Mac Donald Publishing Company. n. d.; VI:1099)
                    (II) It is always in love and truth.
                    (III) It is threefold.
                         (A) Grace--unmerited favor
                         (B) Mercy--free pardon and forgiveness
                         (C) Peace
                              (1) "Tranquillity of  spirit and serenity of  conscience" (Ibid.)
                              (2) What the world craves and tries to obtain in every way except by the Prince of  Peace.
               b. From the Lord Jesus Christ
                    (I) He is Lord!
                         (A) Of  grace
                         (B) Of  mercy
                         (C) Of  peace
                    (II) Found in Jesus Christ
                         (A) John 1:17--"For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ."
                         (B) John 14:6--"Jesus saith unto him, 'I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by  Me.'"
          2. Interestingly the emphasis today
               a. By liberals
               b. By Charismatics
               c. Apart from truth--i.e., sound doctrine
     C. In Relation to Witnessing--v. 4
          1. Walking in truth
               a. This rejoices a pastor's heart--cf. 3 John 4--"I have no greater joy than to hear that my children walk in truth."
               b. This is evidence of  being of  God--1 John 3:19f.--"And hereby we know that we are of  the truth, and shall assure our hearts before Him. [20] For if
                    our heart condemn us, God is greater than our heart, and knoweth all things."
               c. Denial of  truth, therefore, is evidence of  not being of  God.
          2. Walking in truth is a witness.
               a. Someone is bound to say, "What is truth?"
               b. Truth is in Jesus Christ and in His Word.
               c. Wherever this lady went and her children, they were witnesses of  the truth by their lives.
     D. In Relation to Exhortation--vv. 5, 6
          1. The Christian commandment
               a. Verse 5
               b.1 John 4:19-21--"We love Him, because He first loved us. [20] If  a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar:  for he that loveth not his
                     brother whom he hath seen, how can he love God whom he hath not seen? [21] And this commandment have we from Him, That he who loveth God
                     love his brother also."
               c. This lady was commended for her love to love. yet is exhorted to continue
               d. As an apostle he could have commanded her, but rather he entreats --this is important for both pastors and teachers
          2. Love is walking after His commandments.
               a. v. 6
               b. His commandments
                     (I) The first and great commandment
                    (II) The second commandment
               c. What is involved in these commandments
                    (I) Trusting Jesus Christ as Savior
                    (II) Including the incarnation
                         (A) God manifested in the flesh
                         (B) John 1:1-3, 14--"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.  [2] The same was in the beginning
                              with God. [3] All things were made by Him; and without Him was not any thing made that was made. [14] And the Word was made flesh, and
                              dwelt among us, (and we beheld His glory, the glory as of  the only begotten of  the Father,) full of  grace and truth."
                    (C) 1 Timothy 3:16--"And without controversy great is the mystery of  godliness:  God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of  angels,
                         preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory."
               d. Liberals insist on this commandment of  love, but deny trusting in the incarnate Christ.

II. THE BOUNDS OF  LOVE AND TRUTH--v. 7-13. . . ."For many deceivers are entered into the world, who confess not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh.
     This is a deceiver and an antichrist.  [8] Look to yourselves, that we lose not those things which we have wrought, but that we receive a full reward.  [9]
     Whosoever transgresseth, and abideth not in the doctrine of  Christ, hath not God.  He that abideth in the doctrine of  Christ, he hath both the Father and the
     Son.  [10] If  there come any unto you, and bring not this doctrine, receive him not into your house, neither bid him Godspeed:  [11] For he that biddeth him
     Godspeed is partaker of  his evil deeds.  [12] Having many things to write unto you, I would not write with paper and ink:  but I trust to come unto you, and
     speak face to face, that our joy may be full.  [13] The children of  thy elect sister greet thee.  Amen."
     A. The Nature of  the Antichrist--v. 7
          1. Many deceivers in the world
               a. 2 Timothy 3:1ff.--"This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall come. [2] For men shall be lovers of  their own selves, covetous, boasters,
                    proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy, [3] Without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce,
                    despisers of  those that are good, [4] Traitors, heady, highminded, lovers of  pleasures more than lovers of  God; [5] Having a form of  godliness, but
                    denying the power thereof:  from such turn away." 
               b. The rash of  ads for astrologists and spiritualists on TV and the internet
               c. Among such deceivers are those speaking about love, yet line their pockets with the green!
          2. The nature of  these deceivers
               a. They deny that Jesus Christ is God manifested in the flesh.
                    (I) This denial may be direct as liberals and those who deny the Biblical witness.
                    (II) This denial may be indirect by denial of  the virgin birth of  Jesus or saying it is unimportant.
                    (III) In either case it is a denial of  the incarnation and thus they are deceivers.
               b. They often appear to be believers even using scriptural terminology, but in the final analysis, they deny the very meaning of  the words.
               c. ". . .  he brings some error or other concerning the person of  the Lord Jesus; he either confesses not that Jesus Christ is the same person, or that Jesus
                   of  Nazareth was the Christ, the anointed of  God, the Messiah promised of  old for the redemption of  Israel, or that the promised Messiah and
                   Redeemer has come in the flesh, or into the flesh, into our world and into our nature; such a one pretends that he is yet to be expected. (Henry,
                   VI:1101)
     B. The Doctrine of  Christ--vv. 8-11
          1. The warning--v. 8
               a. We need to look and see that we have not lost the things we have gained.
               b. "The more deceivers and deceits abound, the more watchful the disciples must be." (Ibid.)
               c. There are many delusions today even in the name of  Christianity.
                    (I) Deception in music (Note the increasing use of  so-called Contemporary Christian Music)
                    (II) Deception in extra-church groups (Groups that have no control or oversight by local churches)
                    (III) Deception in the methodology--anything goes (This is an ever increasing error in our day.)
          2. The doctrine--v. 9
               a. 1 John 5:1, 11-13--"[1] Whosoever believeth that Jesus is the Christ is born of  God: and every one that loveth Him that begat loveth Him also that is
                    begotten of  Him. [11] And this is the record, that God hath given to us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. [12] He that hath the Son hath life:  and he
                    that hath not the Son of  God hath not life. [13] These things have I written unto you that believe on the name of  the Son of  God; that ye may know
                    that ye have eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name of  the Son of  God."
               b. The doctrine of  Christ is explicitly tied up with the incarnation.
               c. Importance of  doctrine
                    (I) Necessary for salvation
                    (II) Necessary for proper understanding of  God
                    (III) Necessary for Christian growth--cf. 2 Peter 3:18--"But grow in grace, and in the knowledge of  our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.  To Him be
                         glory both now and forever.  Amen." 
          3. The limitation--vv. 10, 11
               a. Concerns Christian hospitality
                    (I) This lady was doubtlessly like Gaius given to hospitality.
                    (II) "The exercise of  the love of  the brethren is conditioned and limited by the truth; and is not to be extended to those who are enemies and
                         impugners of  the truth." (Unknown)
                    (III) Does not refer to a traveler seeking hospitality
               b. Concerns "This doctrine"
                    (I) Means here "This teaching"
                    (II) Refers, therefore, to those who is a person as a teacher
               c. Concerns meaning of  hospitality
                    (I) There is a great tendency today to listen to and to give hospitality to
                         (A) liberals
                         (B) neo-orthodox
                         (C) So-called evangelicals
                         (D) Teachers from great universities or seminaries, etc.
                    (II) These call themselves Christians, but they deny the fundamentals of  the Christian faith.
                    (III) It is such ones that this verse is warning against
                    (IV) Hospitality to such is wrong.
                         (A) Verse 11 so states
                         (B) You are partaker of  their error.
                         (C) "There are many ways of  sharing the guilt of  other people's transgressions; it may be done by culpable silence, unconcernedness, indolence,
                              private contribution, public countenance and assistance, inward approbation, open apology and defense." (Henry, VI:1102)
     C. The Concluding Remarks--vv. 12, 13                      
          1. Writing with pen and ink
               a. The paper was doubtlessly the Egyptian papyrus or reed.
               b. Ink is probably soot and water thickened with a gum.
               c. Pen was a split reed.
          2. Joy might be full
               a. By his presence
                    (I) Personally presenting the message of  love and truth
                    (II) Mutually comforted by their mutual faith
               b. By the elect lady's sister
                    (I) Probably John was staying at this sister's house.
                    (II) Here again the sister is unnamed but was hospitable.

CONCLUSION:
     1. The Bonds of  love and truth are in the Lord.
     2. The Bounds of  love and truth are dependent of  the doctrine of  Christ.
          a. We need to be watchful, test, and check those who are teachers to see if  they are true to Christ.
          b. We should never welcome false teachers into our churches or our homes (even if  they claim to be Christians).
     3. Let us be in the bonds of  love and truth.             
     4. Let us be bound by love and truth.
(To access the next of  the four short epistles, go to the top.)


No Greater Joy
3 John 1-14

INTRODUCTION:
     1. "To the Elect Lady," 2 John was the second message on the short New Testament epistles..
     2. A consideration of  the third of  the four short epistles in the New Testament is now made.
          a. Actually this is the shortest of  the four.
          b. How can that be? 2 John has 13 verses whereas this one 14 verses.
          c. However, in the Greek, this epistle has 23 fewer words than 2 John.
     3. 3 John speaks of  three men, two of  whom give the Apostle "No Greater Joy", because they walk in the truth.

I. GAIUS, WELL-BELOVED SAINT--vv. 1-8. . . ."The elder unto the well-beloved Gaius, whom I love in the truth.  [2] Beloved, I wish above all things that thou
     mayest prosper and be in health, even as thy soul prospereth.  [3] For I rejoiced greatly, when the brethren came and testified of  the truth that is in thee, even as
     thou walkest in the truth.  [4] I have no greater joy than to hear that my children walk in truth.  [5] Beloved, thou doest faithfully whatsoever thou doest to the
     brethren, and to strangers;  [6] Which have borne witness of  thy charity before the church:  whom if  thou bring forward on their journey after a godly sort, thou
     shalt do well:  [7] Because that for his name's sake they went forth, taking nothing of  the Gentiles.  [8] We therefore ought to receive such, that we might be
     fellow helpers to the truth."
     A. His Walk--vv. 1-4
          1. The sphere of  love--v. 1
               a. Beloved--esteemed
               b. In the truth--love for another must be in the truth.
          2. The prosperity of  love--vv. 2, 3
               a. The prayer for health and prosperity--v. 2
               b. Truth in him--v. 3
               c. Walks in truth
                    (I) Verse 3
                    (II) His testimony by life and word is known.
         3. The joy of  love--v. 4
              a. No greater joy--a pastor's greatest joy after leading a person to Jesus Christ is to find that person walking in the truth.
              b. Walks in the truth--Psalm 26:3. . . ."For thy lovingkindness is before mine eyes:  and I have walked in thy truth."
     B. His Work--vv. 5-8
          1. In the past--vv. 5, 6a
               a. In helping ministers--v. 5
               b. Witnesses of  his love--v. 6a
          2. For the present--vv. 6b-7
               a. The request regarding workers--v. 6a
               b. The witness regarding workers--v. 7 
          3. For the future--v. 8
               a. Exhorted to receive workers
               b. Helping results in fellowship in the truth.

II. DIOTREPES, LOVER OF  PREEMINENCE--vv.9-11. . . ."I wrote unto the church:  but Diotrephes, who loveth to have the preeminence among them,
     receiveth us not.  [10] Wherefore, if  I come, I will remember his deeds which he doth, prating against us with malicious words: and not content therewith, neither
     doth he himself receive the brethren, and forbiddeth them that would, and casteth them out of  the church.  [11] Beloved, follow not that which is evil, but that
     which is good. He that doeth good is of  God: but he that doeth evil hath not seen God."
     A. The Letter to the Church--v. 9a
          1. John wrote to the church.
               a. The church here is doubtlessly the one to which Gaius belonged.
               b. Contents of  the letter are unknown to us, but may have to do with what the apostle was just talking about.
          2. No suggestion here, as some would say, of  lost inspired letter.
               a. Not everything the Apostles wrote were inspired.
               b. There is the possibility that this letter is 1 John, but there is no evidence for or against that possibility.
               c. There has been a rash of  books on the so-called lost books of  the New Testament.
          3. The implication presented here is that Diotrepes would not even receive a letter from the apostle.
     B. The Evil Dominance of  Diotrepes--v. 9b, 10b 10b
          1. He did not receive the Apostle John.
          2. He spoke against John.
               a. It was not a question here that Diotrepes was defending the faith.
               b. John was not guilty of  any departure from truth.
          3. He would not receive any of  the brethren in Christ.
               a. These were probably visiting brothers.
               b. We do need to be careful of  receiving strangers, but not when they give real evidence of  their salvation.
               c. These brethren were not guilty of  not walking in the truth.
          4. He not only did not receive them, but he forbade others to receive them.
          5. He cast them out of  the church.
               a. Not because of  heresy
               b. Because they held to the truth and Diotrepes did not want them.
               c. How like today in many denominations:
                    (I) A minister or person stands up for the gospel and the faith once delivered to the saints.
                    (II) He is opposed by liberals or others with wrong motives.
                    (III) Who gets cast out?
                         (A) The denier?
                         (B) No not at all; it is the one who had stood up for the truth.
     C. The Rebuke and Appeal of  the Elder--v. 10a, 11
          1. His rebuke--v. 10a
               a. Menacing the domineer
                    (I) He will censure this proud person.
                    (II) This speaks of  apostolic authority
               b. Remembering his deeds
                    (I) The apostle rightly will remember this evil one's deeds.
                    (II) This is only to be done when a person is clearly in the wrong.
                    (III) We should forget those things done to us even by believers.
                    (IV) All too often we are vindictive against those who wrong us.
                    (V) The point here is that the apostle would bring this matter before the church itself  not an ecclesiastical court.
          2. His appeal--v. 11
               a. Be not followers of  evil.
                    (I) Psalm 37:27--"Depart from evil, and do good; and dwell forevermore."
                    (II) We should not imitate evil.
                         (A) "Do not have the habit of imitating" (Henry, Matthew, Commentary on the Whole Bible.  Mc Lean, VA:  Mac Donald Publishing Company,
                              n. d.; VI:265)
                         (B) The word evil is the same word as in Romans 12:21.--"Be not overcome of  evil, but overcome evil with good."
               b. Be followers of  the good.
                    (I) Again see Romans 12:21
                    (II) "The practice of  goodness is the evidence of our  filial happy relation to God." (Henry, VI:1105-6)
               c. Be revealed to whom you belong.
                    (I) If  you do the good, you are of  God.
                    (II) If  you do the evil, you have not seen God.
                    (III) You need to realize that he is talking to believers.
                         (A) The true believer will do the good.
                         (B) The false believer will do the evil.

III. DEMETRIUS, A BROTHER OF  GOOD REPORT--vv.12-14. . . ."Demetrius hath good report of  all men, and of  the truth itself: yea, and we also bear
     record; and ye know that our record is true.  [13] I had many things to write, but I will not with ink and pen write unto thee:  [14] But I trust I shall shortly see
     thee, and we shall speak face to face.  Peace be to thee.  Our friends salute thee.  Greet the friends by name."
     A. The Good Report--v. 12
          1. All testify of  him.
               a. It is good to be spoke well of  by many.
               b. It could be not so good to be spoken well by all.
               c. However, here it is one's integrity that is in view.
          2. Faithful to the truth.
               a. To be well spoken of  is good, but better is being faithful to the truth.
               b. A number of  well known people in Christendom are well spoken of, but they have not been completely faithful to the truth.
               c. John testifies of  him.
     B. The Concluding Remarks--vv. 13, 14
          1. Many things to write them.
               a. Will not write with ink and pen.
               b. The words here are literally "black" and "reed."
          2. May seen them shortly.
               a. They will speak face to face.
               b. "A little personal conference may spare the time, trouble, and charge of  many letters." (Henry, VI:1106)
          3. The benediction and salutation
               a. A benediction of  peace
               b. We can always speak of  peace to a fellow believer because we belong to the Prince of  Peace.
               c. Saluting the brethren is to remember them as brothers and sisters in Christ.
               d. We should endeavor to remember fellow believers name, and greet them that way.

CONCLUSION:
     1. John commended Gaius and Demetrius for their walk in the truth.
     2. Diotrepes is denounced for his lack of  humility and his sin of  pride.
     3. Let us examine ourselves, and let us determine by God's grace to be like Gaius and Demetrius.
(To access the next of  the four short epistles, go to the top.)


Contenders for the Faith
Jude 1-25

INTRODUCTION:
     1. We now consider the last of  the four short New Testament epistles, Jude.
     2. The key to this book of  Jude is found in verse 3.
     3. "Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of  the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should
          earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints."
     4. We are to be "Contenders for the Faith."
     5. Consider first:

I. THE INTRODUCTION--vv. 1-3
     A. The Author--v. 1a
          1. The name here is actually "Judas" in the Greek.
          2. There are at least 6 Judas' in the New Testament.
               a. Judas, the New Testament rendering for Judah, the ancestor of  Jesus--"Abraham begat Isaac; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat Judas and his
                    brethren; [3] And Judas begat Phares and Zara of  Tamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram;" (Matthew 1:2, 3)
               b. Judas Iscariot, the betrayer of  Jesus--"Simon the Canaanite, and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed him."
               c. Judas, the son of  Mary and Joseph--"Is not this the carpenter's son? is not His mother called Mary? and His brethren, James, and Joses, and Simon,
                    and Judas?  [56a] And His sisters, are they not all with us?" (Matthew 13:55, 56a)
                    (I) The carpenter's son, by the context, is clearly Jesus; note that it is the people in His country in which He grew up that said this.
                    (II) This puts the lie to any notion that Mary, Jesus' mother, did not have any other children.
                    (III) The term "brethren" can in no way be interpreted as cousins, for it mentioned "sisters" which can not be so understood.
                    (IV) These two terms (brethren and sisters) are connected directly to the carpenter's son, and thus His mother, and not the carpenter; this would make
                         the brethren and sisters to be the children of  Mary and Joseph, not children of  Joseph by a previous marriage (of  which there is no hint of  in the
                         Scriptures.
               d. Judas, the brother of  James. . . ."And Judas the brother of  James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor." (Luke 6:16)
                    (I) The phrase "the brother" is in italics in the KJV showing it was added by the translators; so literally it reads, "And Judas of  James, . . . "
                    (II) The only other possibility would be "the son of  James" which does not at all seem feasible.
                    (III) Doubtlessly the same Judas who asked Jesus a question--"Judas saith unto him, not Iscariot, 'Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifest thyself unto us,
                         and not unto the world?'" (John 14:22)
                    (IV) He is mentioned among the disciples in Acts 1:13--"And when they were come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both Peter,
                         and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of  Alphaeus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas
                         the brother of  James." (Note again the italics)
                    (V) Possibly also named Lebbaeus  surnamed Thaddaeus
                         (A) "Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican; James the son of  Alphaeus, and Lebbaeus whose surname was Thaddaeus;"
                              (Matthew 10:3)
                         (B) "And Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of  Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the
                              Canaanite," (Mark 3:19)
                         (C) Comparing these two verses with Luke 6:16 (Quoted above) shows the name of  Judas in the same position with Thaddaeus (Lebbaeus). 
               e. Judas of  Galilee--"After this man rose up Judas of  Galilee in the days of  the taxing, and drew away much people after him:  he also perished; and all,
                    even as many as obeyed him, were dispersed." (Acts 5:37)
               f. Judas surnamed Barsabas--"Then pleased it the apostles and elders, with the whole church, to send chosen men of  their own company to Antioch with
                    Paul and Barnabas:  namely, Judas surnamed Barsabas, and Silas, chief men among the brethren:" 
          3. Servant of  Jesus Christ
          4. Brother of  James--Cf. Luke 6:16 (Quoted above)          
     B. The Recipients--v. 1b
          1. Those sanctified by God the Father
          2. Preserved in Jesus Christ (Note:  We do not have to persevere, for we preserved by Him).
          3. Called
     C. The Authority--vv. 1, 2
          1. That it was written under the auspices of  God is clear from being a servant of  Jesus Christ.
          2. Notice that mercy comes first, then peace; love for God and for one another will follow.
     D. The Reason--v. 3
          1.He wanted to speak of  their common salvation.
          2. He had to speak rather of  contending for the faith.
               a. The word "faith" refers to the body of  doctrine.
               b. This body of  doctrine was once delivered unto the saints.
               c. They (and we) should contend for the faith, but not be contentious.

II. THE CAUTION AGAINST FALSE BELIEVERS--vv. 4-19
     A. The Facts Concerning These People--v. 4. . . ."For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of  old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly
          men, turning the grace of  our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ."
          1. The men
               a. Dangerous because secretive
               b. Doomed because before marked out
               c. Despicable because ungodly
          2. Their method
               a. Turn grace to lasciviousness--lewdness, lustfulness, wantonness
               b. Antinomian--against law (How prevalent this is among even some so-called ministers today who advocate breaking laws for supposed good end.)
          3. Their message
               a. Deny God and the Lord Jesus Christ--The apostle is attempting to set forth the denial of  the unique relation between God the Father and God the Son,
                    Jesus Christ.
               b. Deny Him as Master--Despot
     B. The Illustrations of  These People--vv. 5-11
          1. Past examples--vv. 5-7. . . ."I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of  the
               land of  Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not.  [6] And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath
               reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of  the great day.  [7] Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like
               manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of  eternal fire." 
               a. The Hebrews in Egypt--v. 5
                    (I) Saved out of  Egypt
                    (II) Perished in the wilderness
                         (A) Because of  their unbelief
                         (B) Hebrews 3:1-19 (Be sure to read this portion.)
               b. The angels--v. 6
                    (I) Angels were created by God to serve Him.
                    (II) Some say these were those who rebelled with Satan.
                    (III) Others contend that they are those angels who cohabited with mankind--Cf. Genesis 6:1, 2. . . ."And it came to pass, when men began to multiply
                         on the face of  the earth, and daughters were born unto them, [2] That the sons of  God saw the daughters of  men that they were fair; and they
                         took them wives of  all which they chose."
                    (IV) Which one depends on whether you take Genesis 6:1, 2 to refer to angels or to the Cainites.
                    (V) If  it refers to Cainites, then these angels must have fallen with Satan--maybe these were more prominent or more wicked.
                         (A) Cf. Isaiah 14:12-15 (Be sure to read.)
                         (B) Cf. Ezekiel 28:11-19 (Be sure to read.)
                    (VI) Job 1:6 suggests that they were angels.--"Now there was a day when the sons of  God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan
                         came also among them."
                    (VII) Some of  these are now in chains awaiting their final judgment.
               c. The cities of  Sodom, Gomorrah, and surrounding cities--v. 7
                    (I) Guilty of  sexual sins including homosexuality
                    (II) Destroyed by fire as an example of  eternal punishment by fire
                         (A) Note that it says, fornications, but also going after "strange flesh."
                         (B) Strange that the Jehovah Witnesses ignore a passage like this.
          2. Present exposes--vv. 8-10. . . ."Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of  dignities.  [9] Yet Michael the
               archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of  Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, 'The Lord
               rebuke thee.'  [10] But these speak evil of  those things which they know not:  but what they know naturally, as brute beasts, in those things they corrupt
               themselves."
               a. These false believers' character declared--v. 8
                    (I) Called "dreamers"
                         (A) The word "filthy" is in italics and thus is not the translation of  a Greek word.
                         (B) Doubtlessly their dreams were filthy.
                    (II) Defile the flesh
                         (A) By sexual sins
                         (B) By commandments against meats
                         (C) By abuse of  the body
                    (III) Despise dominion--rulership
                    (IV) Denounce dignities
               b. Archangel Michael's disputation declared--v. 9
                    (I) Michael contended with Satan about Moses' body.
                         (A) Michael is particularly the Archangel to Israel.
                         (B) What was the dispute?
                              (1) Did Moses' body belong to God?
                              (2) Did Moses' body belong to Satan?
                         (C) Why the dispute?
                              (1) Moses was called of  God and redeemed by God; therefore, belonged to God--spirit, soul, and body.
                              (2) Satan thought he had a claim on Moses due to his sin, or at least on his body.
                              (3) When God saves He saves completely--spirit, soul, and body; Satan no longer has any claim over any part of  redeemed ones.
                    (II) Michael in the dispute did not curse Satan.
                    (III) Only the Lord can rebuke Satan; we can only resist him.
                         (A) Cf. James 4:7--"Submit yourselves therefore to God.  Resist the devil, and he will flee from you."
                         (B) There are those today who rebuke Satan in Jesus' name, but this is wrong.
          3. Personal examples--v. 11. . . ."Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of  Cain, and ran greedily after the error of  Balaam for reward, and
               perished in the gainsaying of  Korah."
               a. Way of  Cain
                    (I) Substitution of  works for the blood-bought way
                    (II) The killing or destroying of  those who follow the blood-bought way.
               b. The error of  Balaam
                    (I) His error was chiefly going against the known will of  God for the sake of  momentary financial gain.
                    (II) The end of  such is to perish.
                    (III) A good example is the priests who made merchandise in the temple and were thrown out by Jesus.
                    (IV) A modern day example is churches with their bake sales, strawberry festivals, bingo parties, etc.
               c. The gainsaying of  Core
                   (I) Speaking against God's chosen--might have reference to one pushing himself into the ministry without the call of  God.
                   (II) Be careful in your criticism of  your pastor; he must answer to God.
                   (III) There is a legitimate way--1 Timothy 5:19. . . ."Against an elder receive not an accusation, but before two or three witnesses."
     C. The Pronouncements Against These People--vv. 12-19
          1. Poetic description--vv. 12, 13. . . ." These are spots in your feasts of  charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear:  clouds they are
               without water, carried about of  winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots; [13] Raging waves of the sea,
                    foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of  darkness forever."
               a. Spots--spots in the wrong place always mar what they spot.
               b. Rainless clouds--how often a heavy black cloud passes over without giving forth its contents
               c. Fruitless trees--worthless except for burning
               d. Raging waves--when waves of  the sea start raging, they toss up all manner of  filth and uselessness
               e. Wandering stars
                    (I) A wandering star cannot be used for navigation.
                         (A) That is why the North Pole Star is used for navigation.
                         (B) Could refer to
                              (1) comets
                              (2) shooting stars
                              (3) constellations which do not keep a fixed position.
          2. Prophetic denunciation--vv. 14-16. . . ." And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of  these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten
               thousands of  his saints, [15] To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of  all their ungodly deeds which they have
               ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him.  [16] These are murmurers, complainers, walking after
               their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men's persons in admiration because of  advantage."
               a. By Enoch--v. 14
                    (I) The seventh from Adam in the righteous line
                    (II) He walked with God, so that it is little wonder that he knew God's mind.
                    (III) The source of  Jude's prophecy by Enoch
                         (A) Some say from some current literature of  his day.
                         (B) God revealed it to him as something Enoch had prophesied.
               b. In Judgment--vv. 14b, 15
                    (I) The Lord comes with His saints.
                         (A) Note that it is WITH His saints.
                         (B) 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18 has to do with the Lord coming FOR His saints.
                    (II) The Lord comes to execute judgment upon ALL.
                         (A) The just and the unjust
                         (B) This does not imply in any way that the judgment of  both is at the same time.
                              (1) The just
                                   (a) For their works--cf. 1 Corinthians 3:11-15--"For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ.  [12] Now if
                                         any man build upon this foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble; [13] Every man's work shall be made manifest:  for
                                         the day shall declare it, because it shall be revealed by fire; and the fire shall try every man's work of  what sort it is. [14] If  any man's
                                         work abide which he hath built thereupon, he shall receive a reward. [15] If  any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss:  but he
                                         himself shall be saved; yet so as by fire."
                                   (b) At the judgment seat of  Christ
                                        ((I)) Romans 14:10--"But why dost thou judge thy brother? or why dost thou set at naught thy brother? for we shall all stand before the
                                             judgment seat of  Christ."
                                        ((II)) 2 Corinthians 5:10--"For we must all appear before the judgment seat of  Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his
                                             body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad."
                              (2) The unjust
                                   (a) For their works--Cf. Revelations 20:12-15. . . ."And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened:
                                        and another book was opened, which is the book of  life:  and the dead were judged out of  those things which were written in the books,
                                        according to their works.  [13] And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in
                                        them:  and they were judged every man according to their works.  [14] And death and hell were cast into the lake of  fire.  This is the
                                        second death. [15] And whosoever was not found written in the book of  life was cast into the lake of  fire."
                                   (b) At the great white throne--Cf. Revelations 20:11. . . ."And I saw a great white throne, and Him that sat on it, from whose face the earth
                                        and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them."
                    (III) The Lord comes to convince the ungodly of  their ungodliness and judge them for it.
               c. For characteristics--v. 16
                    (I) Murmurers--Often the ungodly murmur against God for their conditions or because of  world trouble.
                    (II) Complainers--No one complains like the unjust, but sad to say, believers complain way too much.
                    (III) Lusters--Try to fulfill the lust of  the eyes, the lust of  the flesh, and the pride of  life
                    (IV) Speak great words--politicians are good examples
                    (V) Respecter of  persons
                         (A) Show preference to some people in order to gain advantage.
                         (B) Prejudice?
          3. Pastoral declaration--vv. 17-19. . . ."But, beloved, remember ye the words which were spoken before of  the apostles of  our Lord Jesus Christ; [18]
               How that they told you there should be mockers in the last time, who should walk after their own ungodly lusts.  [19] These be they who separate
               themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit."
               a. Words of  the apostles recalled--Cf. 2 Peter 3:2. . . ."That ye may be mindful of  the words which were spoken before by the holy prophets, and of  the
                    commandment of  us the apostles of  the Lord and Savior:"
               b. Reminded of  mockers
                    (I) There is today an increase in the mocking of  Christian truth.
                    (II) Note:  some of  the popular songs and jokes that mock holy things
               c. Ungodly--walk in the lusts which are always ungodly.
               d. Separatists
                    (I) In the bad sense
                         (A) Those who go into a monastic type of  life
                         (B) Can refer to those who name the name of  the Lord, but will have nothing to do with sinners--Pharisees typical
                    (II) In the good sense
                         (A) Separating unto the Lord God
                         (B) Separating from heretics and fellow worshippers with deniers of  the faith.
               e. Sensual
                    (I) Of  or belonging to the soul
                    (II) "Govern by the soul, i.e., the sensuous nature with its objection to appetites and passions." (Thayer, Joseph Henry, A Greek-English Lexicon of
                         the New Testament.  New York:  American Book Company, c1889; 678)
               f. Have not the Spirit
                    (I) Therefore, they are not Christians regardless of  what they profess.
                    (II) 2 Timothy 3:8--"Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth:  men of  corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the
                         faith."

II. COUNSEL TO THE BELIEVERS--vv. 20-25
     A. The Responsibilities of  the Believer--vv. 20-23. . . ."But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, [21] Keep
          yourselves in the love of  God, looking for the mercy of  our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life.  [22] And of  some have compassion, making a difference:
          [23] And others save with fear, pulling them out of  the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh."
          1. To themselves--vv. 20, 21
               a. Build up in the faith
                    (I) A present tense participle--keep on being built up
                    (II) Note again that it is "the faith"--the body of  doctrine.
               b. Pray up in the Spirit
                    (I) Praying is one of  the aspects of  being built up in the faith.
                    (II) Cf. Ephesians 6:18--"Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication
                         for all saints;"
                    (III) Note that it is praying in the Spirit, not to the Spirit.
               c. Keep up in the Love of  God
                    (I) This is an aorist active imperative--thus a command.
                    (II) This is the human side of  the responsibility
                    (III) Cf. 1 John 4:7-10--"Beloved, let us love one another: for love is of  God; and every one that loveth is born of  God, and knoweth God. [8] He
                         that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love. [9] In this was manifested the love of  God toward us, because that God sent his only begotten
                         Son into the world, that we might live through Him. [10] Herein is love, not that we loved God, but that He loved us, and sent His Son to be the
                         propitiation for our sins."
               d. Look up for mercy
                    (I) Our Lord is ever merciful.
                    (II) This looking involves the return of  the Lord.
          2. To others--vv. 22, 23
               a. Win them to the Lord with compassion--v. 22
                   (I) Having compassion often makes a difference.
                   (II) All too often Bible-believers are not compassionate.
               b. Win them to the Lord in fear--v. 23
                    (I) First of  all, we must have the fear of  God--Cf. 2 Corinthians 5:11. . . ."Knowing therefore the terror of  the Lord, we persuade men; but we are
                         made manifest unto God; and I trust also are made manifest in your consciences." 
                    (II) Secondly, being fearful of  their end if  they do not repent.
               c. Win them to the Lord by pulling them from the fire--v. 23
                    (I) The immediate reference is the fire of  sin and degradation.
                    (II) The ultimate reference is to the Lake of  Fire.
                    (III) The rich man wanted Lazarus to go tell his brothers of  the awfulness of  hell.
     B. The Reassurance to the Believer--vv. 24, 25. . . ."Now unto Him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of  His
          glory with exceeding joy, [25] To the only wise God our Savior, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever.  Amen."
          1. The work of  the Lord--v. 24
               a. Keep you from falling
                    (I) In earth's experience
                    (II) You may be tempted and even sin, but you will not fall completely.
                    (III) This is another statement of  our security.
               b. Present you faultless
                    (I) In heaven's glory
                    (II) Cf. Ephesians 5:27--"That He might present it to Himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy
                         and without blemish."
          2. The worth of  the Lord
               a. He is the wise God.
                    (I) He knows the end from the beginning.
                    (II) He knows all that is in between.
               b. He is our Savior.
                    (I) He alone is able to redeem us.
                    (II) Cf. Hebrews 7:25--"Wherefore He is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by Him, seeing He ever liveth to make
                         intercession for them." 
               c. He is worthy of  all praise.
                    (I) Cf. Romans 11:33-36---"O the depth of  the riches both of  the wisdom and knowledge of  God! how unsearchable are His judgments, and His
                         ways past finding out!  [34] For who hath known the mind of  the Lord? or who hath been His counselor?  [35] Or who hath first given to Him,
                         and it shall be recompensed unto him again?  [36] For of  Him, and through Him, and to Him, are all things: to whom be glory forever.  Amen." 
                    (II) "Praise God from Whom all blessings flow!"

CONCLUSION:
     1. As Jude does here, we need warning concerning false teachers.
     2. We need counsel concerning our responsibilities and reassurance.
     3. Because of  these things we need to be "Contenders for the Faith"--again note:  contenders not contentious.
     4. Are you contending for the faith?


I Would Not Have You Ignorant of  God's Word
1 Corinthians 10:1, 4

INTRODUCTION:
     Thank you, Don.  Good morning to you all.  Yesterday we began to discuss the phrase, "I would not have you ignorant." This phrase is used at least 5 times by the Apostle Paul. We saw yesterday that Paul did not want his readers ignorant of  salvation. Today, consider that "I would not have you ignorant of  God's Word."
    In 1 Corinthians 10:1, & 4 we read: "Moreover, brethren, I would not that you should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; And did all drink the same spiritual drink; for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them; and that Rock was Christ."  The Apostle takes from the Old Testament portion of  God's Word--the only portion he had--some historical events to illustrate the Christian life.  By this he shows that:

I. GOD'S WORD IS TO US AN EXAMPLE.
     As an example, God Directed History in the Old Testament.  He so directed Israel's history that it serves as an example for us in the spiritual realm. Thus, he says in verse 11:  "Now all these things happened unto them for ensamples; and they were written for our admonition upon whom the ends of  the world are come."  Thus, God's Word is a light for our daily Christian walk.  Many are the lessons that can be learned from the lives of  people in the Old Testament. For example, in 1 Samuel 15, Saul was instructed by God through Samuel to go smite the Amalekites, and completely destroy them including all their cattle. Saul went and did battle against the Amalekites, but he saved alive Agag the king of  the Amalekites and the best of  the cattle. When Samuel came and found out Saul had done, his lame excuse for not doing as he was told, Samuel said, "Has the Lord as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of  the Lord?  Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to hearken than the fat of  rams."  Now Samuel was not condemning Saul's desire for a sacrifice, but he was condemning him for not obeying God.  In Samuel's statement there is laid down a very important principle which holds just as true to day for us in the Christian life.  God wants obedience more than He wants our sacrifice, even if  it is the sacrifice of  a tidy sum of  money.  There are other important lessons to be learned from this same incident for which we do not have time to present.

     Not only did God direct history in the old Testament as an example, God So Directed in the Old Testament that It Points to Christ.  The plan of  the tabernacle, for example, in much of  its detail points to the Messiah as the sacrifice for sin.  We do not have time in this brief message to go into detail.  But consider a moment just the brazen altar which was just inside the gate of  the court.  Its very position speaks of  Jesus Christ as Savior.  It was just within the gate.  To begin to worship the sinning Israelite had to bring a sacrifice of  an innocent, unblemished animal to this brazen altar to take care of  his sin.  In like manner for us today the sacrifice of  Jesus Christ on the cross takes care of  our sin, even as the Apostle Peter states in his first epistle: "Who His own self bore our sins in His own body on the tree." (1 Peter 2:24)  We could go on to the meaning of  the word for altar in the Hebrew, the size of  the altar, the material, even the design of  it; all speaks of  Him Who died for us.  Many more examples can be cited and not just from a study of  the tabernacle.  Each of  the Jewish sacrifices in some way speaks of  the one perfect sacrifice, Jesus Christ.

     But notice verse 4 of  our text that even the rock from which the Israelites obtained water in their wilderness journey pictures Jesus Christ, the Water of  Life.  The verse says, "And did all drink the same spiritual drink; for they drank of  that spiritual Rock that followed them; and that ROCK WAS CHRIST." [Caps for emphasis]

     Not only does the Word of  God serve us as an example for our Christian life, but notice also that:

II. GOD'S WORD IS TO US A WARNING.
     The warning is, first of all, Negative.  It tells us what to avoid.  Notice verse 6:  "Now these things were our examples to the intent we should not lust after evil things as they also lusted."  We receive many warnings throughout life.  God is given you another warning today through this message.  He is warning you not to trifle with God's Word.  Oh, I know that many today deny the Bible is the Word of  God.  They are trying to stifle their consciences by such claims.  But just suppose for a moment that the Bible is what it claims to be, namely, the written Word of  God.  Assuming it is, we need to take earnest heed to what it says.  The Old Testament is full of  examples that serve to warn us.  Again, let us briefly consider King Saul. God dealt with him repeatedly and still he would not repent.  Finally God ceased dealing with him and sought another leader for Israel.  The Bible says, "My Sprit will not always strive with men." (Genesis 6:3)  Perhaps, God the Holy Spirit has repeatedly spoken to your heart  about getting your life squared away with God.  You have repeatedly neglected the opportunities.  Perhaps, God has warned you repeatedly by severe illnesses, your casual reading of the Bible, and by your tuning in this program today.  He wants you to turn to him and receive Jesus Christ as your own personal Lord and Savior.
 
     God's Word warns us many times negatively; but God's Word also warns us Positively.  Notice verse 12: "Wherefore, let him that thinks he stand take heed lest he fall."  Then in verse 13, God's Word states that all temptation is common to man but that He, God, is "faithful who will not permit you to be tempted above that you are able, but will in the temptation provide a way to escape."  The way to escape is through Jesus Christ our Lord.  He supplies the grace and mercy whereby we can shake off the temptation of  sin.  It matters not what your temptation or trial is, Jesus Christ is able to help you overcome it.  But in order to do so, you must have first trusted in Him as your Lord and Savior.  You must partake of  the spiritual Rock, Jesus Christ. Obedience to God is impossible apart from reception of  Jesus Christ, for he who has not received Jesus Christ as Savior has not taken the first step of  obedience to God, which is acceptance of  Jesus Christ as one's personal Savior from sin.

     Dear listener, I would not have you ignorant of  God's Word.  It is to us an example.  It tells us how to walk the Christian way. It is to us a warning.  It warns us of  the results of  not following God; it shows us that the way of  escape is through Jesus Christ as personal Lord and Savior.

     Will you trust Him today?


The New Testament:  The Gospel of  Jesus Christ
John 20:31

INTRODUCTION:
     1. Perhaps, you have heard the saying "I can't see the forest because of  the trees."
     2. Sometimes we study small portions of  the New Testament, that we do not see it as a whole.
     3. We wish to consider "The New Testament--The Gospel of  Jesus."
     4. "But these are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of  God; and that believing ye might have life through his name." (John 20:31)
     5. This verse speaks, of  course, concerning John's Gospel; but we may well consider it as the key text of  the New Testament, for all of  it speaks of  Him.
     6. As we try to get an overall view of  the New Testament, we find in the Gospels:

I. JESUS CHRIST IN PERSON
     A. He Is Our Prophet.
          1. In that He told forth
               a. Matthew 4:17--"From that time Jesus began to preach, and to say, 'Repent: for the kingdom of  heaven is at hand.'"
               b. Mark 4:1, 2--"And He began again to teach by the sea side:  and there was gathered unto Him a great multitude, so that He entered into a ship, and sat
                    in the sea; and the whole multitude was by the sea on the land.  [2] And He taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in His doctrine,"
          2. In that He foretold
               a. Matthew 24:1-6--"And Jesus went out, and departed from the temple:  and His disciples came to Him for to show Him the buildings of  the temple.  [2]
                    And Jesus said unto them, 'See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be
                    thrown down.' [3] And as He sat upon the mount of  Olives, the disciples came unto Him privately, saying, 'Tell us, when shall these things be? and
                    what shall be the sign of  Thy coming, and of  the end of  the world?'  [4] And Jesus answered and said unto them, 'Take heed that no man deceive
                    you.  [5] For many shall come in My name, saying, "I am Christ"; and shall deceive many.  [6] And ye shall hear of  wars and rumors of  wars:  see that
                    ye be not troubled:  for all these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet.'"
               b. Mark 9:30-32--"And they departed thence, and passed through Galilee; and He would not that any man should know it. [31] For He taught His
                    disciples, and said unto them, 'The Son of  man is delivered into the hands of  men, and they shall kill Him; and after that He is killed, He shall rise the
                    third day.' [32] But they understood not that saying, and were afraid to ask Him."
     B. He Is Our Priest.
          1. Many times we find Jesus praying for others.
               a. Luke's Gospel is full of  prayers by Jesus--Cf. Luke 11:1-4. . . ."And it came to pass, that, as He was praying in a certain place, when He ceased, one
                    of  His disciples said unto Him, 'Lord, teach us to pray, as John also taught his disciples.'  [2] And He said unto them, 'When ye pray, say, Our Father
                    which art in heaven, Hallowed be Thy name.  Thy kingdom come.  Thy will be done, as in heaven, so in earth.  [3] Give us day by day our daily bread.
                    [4] And forgive us our sins; for we also forgive every one that is indebted to us.  And lead us not into temptation; but deliver us from evil.'"
               b. Luke 22:31, 32--" And the Lord said, 'Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat:  [32] But I have prayed
                    for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren.'"
          2. He prayed for the Church--John 17. (Be sure to read this chapter.)
          3. He prayed for Himself--the prayer in Gethsemane.
          4. He was the High Priest offering up Himself  for sin. 
               a. Matthew 27:46--"And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, 'Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?' that is to say, 'My God, My God, why
                    hast Thou forsaken me?'"
               b. Luke 23:34--"Then said Jesus, 'Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do.'  And they parted His raiment, and cast lots."
     C. He Is Our King.
          1. Crucified as a King--John 19:19. . . ."And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross.  And the writing was, 'JESUS OF  NAZARETH THE KING OF
               THE JEWS."
          2. From other portions we know He is to reign and we shall reign with Him.
          3. "King of  my life, I crown Thee now, Thine shall the glory be; Lest I forget thy thorn-crowned brow, Lead me to Calvary." (Worship and Service
               Hymnal
.  Chicago:  Hope Publishing Company,1967; 200, stanza 1)
     D. He Is Our Savior.
          1. Because He is our
               a. Prophet
               b. Priest
               c. King
          2. Because of  His love for us--John 15:12, 13. . . ."This is My commandment, That ye love one another, as I have loved you. [13] Greater love hath no man
               than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends."
          3. Because He has borne our sins--Matthew 1:21--"And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call His name JESUS:  for He shall save His people from
               their sins."

TRANSITION: The Lord Jesus is set forth in Person in the Gospels as Prophet, Priest, and King; thus He is our Savior.  But after His death, burial, and
     resurrection, He ascended into Heaven. Therefore, in the Book of  Acts, we see:

II. JESUS CHRIST IN PROCLAMATION--Acts 1:8 ("But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me
     both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of  the earth.")
     A. Requires Going Forth
          1. At first the apostles stuck to Jerusalem, but even there they went and spoke to others.
          2. The Book of  Acts is full of going forth. (Be sure to read each of  these passages.)
               a. The believers in general--8:4
               b. Philip to Samaria and then into a desert to contact the Ethiopian--8:5, 26
               c. Saul (Paul) in Damascus after his conversion--9:20
               d. Peter to Lydia and Joppa--9:32, 36, 39
               e. Peter to Cornelius--Chapter 10
               f. Believers to various places--11:19ff.
               g. Paul's missionary journeys--Chapters 13-28
          3. We are commanded and commissioned to go forth--Acts 1:8 (Quoted above)
     B. Requires Speaking Forth
          1. Going is not enough; one must speak out.
          2. Again, if  we were to review those who went forth as just considered, we would find that they spoke forth.
          3. We are so commanded--Acts 1:8 (See above)
          4. "Ye Christian heralds, go proclaim Salvation through Emmanuel's name; To distant climes the tidings bear, And plant the Rose of  Sharon there." (Worship
               and Service Hymnal
434, stanza 1)

TRANSITION:  The Gospels set forth Jesus Christ in Person; the Book of  Acts shows Jesus Christ in proclamation.  But when He has been preached and souls
     have come and received Him as Lord and Savior, then there is need for a local assembly of  believers. That body needs instruction from the Lord and so we find
     in the Epistles:

III. JESUS CHRIST IN THE CHURCH--Colossians 1:18 ("And He is the head of  the body, the church:  Who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead; that in
     all things He might have the preeminence."
     A. In Relation to His Body--Pauline Epistles
          1. These epistles instruct us in the great doctrinal truths of  our most holy faith.
          2. The doctrine of  salvation (Romans-Galatians)
               a. Centers in the cross.
               b. Romans--to the natural man to meet his need of  the gospel
                    (I) Sin--3:23 (Caused the cross)--"For all have sinned, and come short of  the glory of  God;"
                    (II) Salvation--5:1 (In the cross)--"Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:"
                    (III) Sanctification--8:2 (By the cross)--"For the law of  the Spirit of  life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of  sin and death."
               c. 1 and 2 Corinthians and Galatians--To the carnal man
                    (I) 1 Corinthians
                         (A) Correction of  error due to carnality
                         (B) Carnality seen in many things in the epistle--cf. 3:1. . . ."And I, brethren, could not speak unto you as unto spiritual, but as unto carnal, even as
                              unto babes in Christ."
                         (C) The answer is being rightly related to the cross.
                    (II) 2 Corinthians
                         (A) Correction of  error concerning authority
                         (B) Pauline authority is in view, but by application it can be applied to any pastor.
                         (C) The answer again is a right attitude to authority in the cross.
                    (III) Galatians
                         (A) Correction of  error concerning justification by faith alone
                         (B) The error was adding the law to faith in Christ alone for salvation.
                         (C) Resulted in loss of  purity both in doctrine and conduct
                         (D) The solution is again in a right relation to the cross--Galatians 2:20. . . ."I am crucified with Christ:  nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth
                              in me:  and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of  the Son of  God, Who loved me, and gave Himself  for me."
          3. The doctrine of  Christ--here in relation to the church (Ephesians-Colossians and Philemon)
               a. The body--Ephesians
                    (I) Speaks of  standing--in Christ (1:3)--"Blessed be the God and Father of  our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in
                         heavenly places in Christ: "
                    (II) Speaks of  service--in edification (4:11 12)--"And he gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and
                         teachers; [12] For the perfecting of  the saints, for the work of  the ministry, for the edifying of  the body of  Christ:"
                    (III) Speaks of  warfare--in the Holy Spirit (6:12 13)--"For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against
                         the rulers of  the darkness of  this world, against spiritual wickedness inhigh places. [13] Wherefore take unto you the whole armor of  God, that ye
                         may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand."
               b. The hands and feet--Philippians
                    (I) Christ is the Christian's life--1:21. . . ."For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain."
                    (II) Christ is the Christian's pattern--2:5. . . ."Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus:" 
                    (III) Christ is the Christian's object--3:10. . . ."That I may know Him, and the power of  His resurrection, and the fellowship of  His sufferings, being
                         made conformable unto His death;"
                    (IV) Christ is the Christian's strength--4:13...."I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me."
               c. The head--Colossians
                    (I) Head of  creation--1:15-17. . . ."Who is the image of  the invisible God, the Firstborn of  every creature:  [16] For by Him were all things created,
                         that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers:  all things were
                         created by Him, and for Him:  [17] And He is before all things, and by Him all things consist [or hold together]." 
                    (II) Head of  the church--1:18. . . ."And He is the head of  the body, the church:  Who is the beginning, the Firstborn from the dead; that in all things
                         He might have the preeminence." 
                    (III) As believers we are united to the Head--2:10; 3:1-4. . . ."And ye are complete in Him, which is the head of  all principality and power:  [3:1] If
                         ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of  God.  [2] Set your affection on things
                         above, not on things on the earth.  [3] For ye are dead, and your life is hid with Christ in God.  [4] When Christ, Who is our life, shall appear, then
                         shall ye also appear with Him in glory."  
              d. The heart--Philemon
                   (I) Paul was surety for Onesimus--vv. 18. . . ."If  he hath wronged thee, or oweth thee aught, put that on mine account;"
                   (II) Jesus Christ is surety for us--our debt of  sin was placed to His account.
          4. The doctrine of  future things
               a. The blessed hope--1 Thessalonians 4:13-18. . . ."But I would not have you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning them which are asleep [the dead in
                    Christ], that ye sorrow not, even as others which have no hope.  [14] For if  we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them also which sleep
                    in Jesus will God bring with Him.  [15] For this we say unto you by the word of  the Lord, that we which are alive and remain unto the coming of  the
                    Lord shall not prevent [precede] them which are asleep.  [16] For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of  the
                    archangel, and with the trump of  God:  and the dead in Christ shall rise first:  [17] Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with
                    them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air:  and so shall we ever be with the Lord.  [18] Wherefore comfort one another with these words." 
               b. The day of  the Christ--2 Thessalonians 2:1, 2. . . ."Now we beseech you, brethren, by the coming of  our Lord Jesus Christ, and by our gathering
                    together unto Him, [2] That ye be not soon shaken in mind, or be troubled, neither by spirit, nor by word, nor by letter as from us, as that the day of
                    Christ is at hand."
                    (I) Some say based on supposed better manuscripts (by which they mean older) that the day of  Christ should read day of  the Lord.
                    (II) This seems like another attempt to downgrade the KJV, and the argument is not really so bright.
                    (III) Note that the verse preceding has the phrase Lord Jesus Christ.  Therefore, the whole argument is superfluous; one manuscript picked up
                    Christ; another picked up Lord.  (See the study on Colossians for further discussion.)
          5. The doctrine of  the church--as to local assembly order
               a. The importance of  church order--1 Timothy 3:15. . . ."But if  I tarry long, that thou mayest know how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of 
                    God, which is the church of  the living God, the pillar and ground of  the truth." 
               b. The decline of  church order--2 Timothy 4:3, 4. . . ."For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but after their own lusts shall they
                    heap to themselves teachers, having itching ears; [4] And they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables."
               c. The need of  church order--Titus 1:5. . . ."For this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set in order the things that are wanting, and ordain
                    elders in every city, as I had appointed thee:"
     B. In Contrast to Judaism--Hebrews
          1. The emphasis here is that Christ is better than the Old Testament order.
          2. The theme centers around the Priesthood of  Christ in relation to believers and thus the church.
               a. 4:14-16--"Seeing then that we have a great High Priest, that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of  God, let us hold fast our profession.  [15] For
                    we have not a High Priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of  our infirmities; but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.  [16]
                    Let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of  grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of  need." 
               b. 9:11-14--"But Christ being come a High Priest of  good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say,
                    not of  this building; [12] Neither by the blood of  goats and calves, but by His own blood He entered in once into the holy place, having obtained
                    eternal redemption for us. [13] For if  the blood of  bulls and of  goats, and the ashes of  a heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of
                    the flesh:  [14] How much more shall the blood of  Christ, Who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without spot to God, purge your conscience
                    from dead works to serve the living God?"
               c. 10:21-25--"And having a high priest over the house of  God; [22] Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of  faith, having our hearts
                    sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water.  [23] Let us hold fast the profession of  our faith without wavering; (for He
                    is faithful that promised;) [24] And let us consider one another to provoke unto love and to good works:  [25] Not forsaking the assembling of
                    ourselves together, as the manner of  some is; but exhorting one another:  and so much the more, as ye see the day approaching."
          3. The theme is to result in the life of  faith.
               a. 11:1, 6--"Now faith is the substance of  things hoped for, the evidence of  things not seen.  [6] But without faith it is impossible to please him:  for he
                    that cometh to God must believe that He is, and that He is a rewarder of  them that diligently seek him."
               b. 12:1, 2--"Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of  witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which doth so
                    easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us, [2] Looking unto Jesus the Author and Finisher of  our faith; Who for the joy
                    that was set before Him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of  the throne of  God."
               c. 13:15, 16--"By Him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of  praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of  our lips giving thanks to His name.  [16] But to
                    do good and to communicate forget not:  for with such sacrifices God is well pleased."
     C. In Practical Life--James
          1. The testing of  faith--chapters 1, 2
               a. Its purpose and source--1:3. . . ."Knowing this, that the trying of  your faith worketh patience."
               b. In obedience--1:22. . . ."But be ye doers of  the word, and not hearers only, deceiving your own selves." 
               c. In brotherly love--2:8. . . ."If  ye fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself, ye do well:"
               d. In good works--2:26. . . ."For as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also."
          2. The control of  the tongue--chapter 3
               a. The mature man--3:2. . . ."For in many things we offend all.  If  any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man, and able also to bridle the
                    whole body."
               b. The source and nature of  maturity--3:17. . . ."But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be entreated, full of
                    mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy."
          3. The rebuke of  worldliness--chapters 4:1-5:6
               a. The source of  strife--4:2. . . ."Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and desire to have, and cannot obtain:  ye fight and war, yet ye have not, because ye ask
                    not." 
               b. The submission to God--4:7. . . ."Submit yourselves therefore to God.  Resist the devil, and he will flee from you."
               c. The warning to the rich--5:1. . . ."Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries that shall come upon you."
          4. The exhortation of  the Lord's coming--chapter 5:7ff. (Be sure to read these passages.)
               a. The need of  patience--5:7-12
               b. The need of  prayer--5:13-18
               c. The need of  pardon--5:19, 20
     D. In Suffering--1 Peter
          1. In the light of  complete salvation--1:1-2:8 (Cf. vv. 3, 4)--"Blessed be the God and Father of  our Lord Jesus Christ, which according to his abundant
               mercy hath begotten us again unto a lively hope by the resurrection of  Jesus Christ from the dead, [4] To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and
               that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you,"
          2. In the light of  the believer's position--2:9-4:19 (cf. 2:9)
          3. In the light of  the Lord's coming--5:1-14 (cf. 5:6)
     E. In Love--Epistles of  John (Be sure to read these passages.)
          1. Love of  the Heavenly Father for His children--1 John
               a. In fellowship--1:1-2:11
               b. In regard to their enemies--2:12-27
               c. In view of  the Lord's return--2:28-3:3
               d. In contrast to Satan's children--3:4-24
               e. In knowing false teachers--4:1-6
               f. In assurance and warning--4:7-5:21
          2. Love as Christ's commandment--2 John
               a. The pathway of  love--vv. 1-6
               b. The warning of  love--vv. 7-13
          3. Love in relation to truth--3 John
               a. The walking in truth--vv. 1-8
               b. The warning of  preeminence--vv. 9-11
               c. The example of  truth--vv. 12-14
     F. In Warning--2 Peter and Jude (Be sure to read these passages.)
          1. The last days--2 Peter
               a. Virtues for the last days--1:1-14
               b. Scriptures important for the last days--1:15-21
               c. Warnings of  the last days--2:1-22
               d. Some events of  the last days--3:1-18
          2. Contending for the faith--Jude
               a. Warning of  apostasy--vv. 1-4
               b. Historical examples of  apostasy--vv. 5-7
               c. Description of  apostasy--vv. 8-19
               d. Exhortations because of  apostasy--vv. 20-25

TRANSITION: A great part of  the New Testament deals with the Lord Jesus Christ in the church.  A very noticeable factor is seen in the latter epistles, namely, an
     increased emphasis on the Lord's return and our relation thereto.  Thus, having been instructed, warned, exhorted, and encouraged by our head, Jesus Christ, the
     New Testament ends with:

IV. JESUS CHRIST IN CONSUMMATION--Revelation (Be sure to read the passages not quoted.)
     A. As to the Church--Chapters 1-3
          1. A glorious position with Him--1:1-8
          2. A glorious vision of  Him--1:9-18
          3. A guileless examination by Him--2:1-3:22
               a. The key phrase--"I know"
               b. The key exhortation--2:7a. . . ."He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches;"
     B. As to the Heavens--Chapters 4, 5
          1. The Triune God--4:1-5; 5:1-7
          2. The worship of  the Triune God--4:6-11; 5:8-14
     C. As to the Tribulation on Earth--Chapters 6-18
          1. The beginning of  the tribulation--chapter 6
          2. The saved of  the tribulation--chapter 7
          3. The trumpet judgments--chapter 8, 9
          4. The first parenthesis--chapter 10, 11
          5. The prominent personages of  the tribulation--chapter 12,13
          6. The second parenthesis--chapter 14
          7. The final judgment of  the tribulation--chapters 15-18
     D. As to the Millennium and Eternal Life--Chapters 19-22
          1. The marriage of  the Lamb--19:1-10
          2. The coming of  Christ in glory--19:11-21
          3. The righteous reign of  Jesus Christ--20:1-6
          4. The white throne judgment--20:7-15
          5. The all new things of  eternity--21:1-22:21

CONCLUSION:
     1. The New Testament is the gospel of  Jesus Christ, for it presents Him.
          a. Jesus Christ in Person--the Gospels
               (I) Prophet, Priest, and King
              (II) Thus, Savior; have you received Him?
          b. Jesus Christ in Proclamation--Acts
               (I) Requires going forth and speaking forth
               (II) Are you being a witness for Him?
          c. Jesus Christ in the Church--the Epistles
               (I) Seen in relation to His Body, the Church, in the Pauline Epistles
                    (A) Sets forth the doctrines of  salvation--in all its aspects
                         (1) Christ in relation to the church
                         (2) Christ in relation to future things
                         (3) Christ in relation to local church order
                    (B) Will you be properly instructed by your living Head?
               (II) Seen in contrast to Judaism in Hebrews
                    (A) Our Great High Priest is set forth as better than all aspects of  the Mosaic system.
                    (B) Are you so enthralled by Jesus Christ that you walk in the life of  faith?
               (III) Seen in practical living in James
                    (A) He speaks of  testing of  faith, controlling the tongue, worldliness and exhorts in view of  His coming.
                    (B) Are you living the practical Christian life?
               (IV) Seen through suffering as in 1 Peter
                    (A) Peter sets forth suffering for Christ in the light of  our complete salvation, our position, in Christ, and the soon coming of  Christ.
                    (B) Oh, that we might rejoice when we suffering for Christ!
               (V) Seen in love in John's epistles
                    (A) God loves us as His children; Christ has commanded us to love one another; but love must always be in truth.
                    (B) In the light of  God's love for us, will you love one another, but in truth?
               (VI) Seen in warning in 2 Peter and Jude
                    (A) The last days are upon us and Peter exhorts us concerning these last days.
                    (B) Jude tells us to contend for the faith.
                    (C) In the light of  His soon coming, what manner of  life are you leading?  Are you contending for the faith?
          d. Jesus Christ in Consummation--Revelation
               (I) Our Lord gives us His examination of  the churches in chapters 1-3.
               (II) Our Lord sets forth the glories of  being with Him in chapters 4, 5
               (III) Our Lord shows that judgments that are soon to come upon this sin-cursed earth--chapters 6-18
               (IV) Our Lord will yet reign and bring all things to their end as set forth in the closing chapters of  this book.
     2. You have gotten the bird's-eye view of  the New Testament--the Gospel of  Jesus Christ.
     3. You now have two courses of  action.
          a. Rejection--can be done by sheer neglect of  this glorious book as well as out and out rejection.
          b. Reception--requires not only believing (though not necessarily understanding) from cover to cover, but studying, and then acting thereupon.
     4. The end is clear.
          a. The Lord says, "Behold, I come quickly."
          b. Are you ready?
          c. The believing heart will readily respond with the words of  the Apostle John, "Even so come, Lord Jesus."


God's Truth Versus Man's Tradition
Mark 7:1-13

INTRODUCTION:
     1. Many churches in the Spring have a tradition of  Ash Wednesday.
     2. This is a tradition probably introduced by Pope Gregory I in the 6th Century.
     3. We have heard a great deal of  late about so-called changes in traditions particularly since Vatican II.
     4. Such persons have placed a great amount of  emphasis on tradition.
     5. "Making the word of  God of  none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye." (Mark 7:13)
     6. Consider "God's Truth Versus Man's Tradition."
     7. Notice first from Mark 7:

I. THE CRITICISM OF  TRADITION--vv. 1-5
     A. The Basis of Their Criticism
          1. Disciples ate with unwashed hands.
               a. This was not a matter of  cleanliness for sanitary reasons.
               b. This was a ceremonial washing.
               c. "These ceremonial washings were prescribed with such minute details as to be not only burdensome, but sometimes impossible." (Unger, Merrill F.,
                    Unger's Bible Dictionary.  Chicago:  Moody Press, c1957; 8)
          2. The tradition concerning washing
               a. Involved the hands
               b. Involved cups, pots, bronze vessels, tables 
     B. The Nature of  Their Criticism
          1. Found fault
               a. The Pharisees were always finding fault.
                    (I) With sinners
                    (II) With people
                    (III) With John the Baptist
                    (IV) With John's disciples
                    (V) With Jesus Himself
                    (VI) With Jesus' disciples
               b. They were so perfect, you know.
               c. Today certain ones find fault if  people do not follow certain traditions.
               d. This is not to say that all traditions are wrong.
                    (I) 2 Thessalonians 2:15--"Therefore, brethren, stand fast, and hold the traditions which ye have been taught, whether by word [probably apostolic
                         preaching], or our epistle [The Word of  God]."
                    (II) 2 Thessalonians 3:6--"Now we command you, brethren, in the name of  our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye withdraw yourselves from every brother
                         that walketh disorderly, and not after the tradition which he received of  us [apostolic teaching]."
                    (III) It should be noted that apostolic preaching and teaching was equivalent to God's word.
                    (IV) There is no justification for the acceptance of  any other traditions.
          2. Found fault because the disciples did not follow the traditions of the elders.
               a. Verse 5
               b. Criticized over externals
               c. Beware, lest we have this same Pharisaical attitude of  criticizing over externals.

TRANSITION: Tradition criticizes those who do not adhere to its tenants.  On the other hand, we observe in vv. 6-8:

II. THE CHARGE OF  GOD'S WORD--(vv. 6-8)
     A. From the Prophets
          1. Prophesied concerning these hypocrites
               a. Isaiah 6:10--"Then flew one of  the seraphims unto me, having a live coal in his hand, which he had taken with the tongs from off the altar:" 
               b. Isaiah 29:13--"Wherefore the Lord said, Forasmuch as this people draw near Me with their mouth, and with their lips do honor Me, but have removed
                    their heart far from Me, and their fear toward Me is taught by the precept of  men:"
               c. Ezekiel 33:31--"And they come unto thee as the people cometh, and they sit before thee as my people, and they hear thy words, but they will not do
                    them:  for with their mouth they show much love, but their heart goeth after their covetousness."
          2. Set forth by the Psalmist--Psalm 78:36, 37--"Nevertheless they did flatter Him with their mouth, and they lied unto Him with their tongues.  [37] For their
               heart was not right with Him, neither were they steadfast in His covenant."
          3. Stated to Samuel--1 Samuel 16:7--"But the LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of  his stature; because I have refused
               him:  for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart." 
     B. From the Lord Himself
          1. Their worship was vain.
          2. Their doctrines are commandments of  men.
          3. They lay aside God's commandments.
          4. They hold traditions of  men.
          5. Cf. Colossians 2:16, 18, 20-23--"Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of  a holy day, or of  the new moon, or of  the sabbath
               days:  [18] Let no man beguile you of  your reward in a voluntary humility and worshiping of  angels, intruding into those things which he hath not seen,
               vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind, [20] Wherefore if  ye be dead with Christ from the rudiments of  the world, why, as though living in the world, are ye
               subject to ordinances, [21] (Touch not; taste not; handle not; [22] Which all are to perish with the using;) after the commandments and doctrines of  men?
               [23] Which things have indeed a show of  wisdom in will-worship, and humility, and neglecting of  the body; not in any honor to the satisfying of  the flesh."

TRANSITION: God's Word indicts man's traditions. Thus, we can see:

III. THE CONTRAST BETWEEN TRADITION AND THE WORD--vv. 9-13
     A. The Contrast Stated--v. 9
          1. Men reject God's Word to keep their tradition
          2. This rejection is not always outward.
               a. Not stated directly by them
               b. In fact, there may be an outward acceptance of  God's Word.
               c. The case of  the Pharisees
          3. The rejection is by a nullifying of  the letter and the spirit of  God's Word by the tradition (This is not literal interpretation versus some sort of  spiritualizing
               or allegorizing).
          4. Old Testament shows this.
               a. Proverbs 1:25--"But ye have set at naught all my counsel, and would none of  my reproof:"
               b. Isaiah 7:23, 24--"And it shall come to pass in that day, that every place shall be, where there were a thousand vines at a thousand silverlings, it shall
                    even be for briers and thorns.  [24] With arrows and with bows shall men come thither; because all the land shall become briers and thorns."
               c. Jeremiah 7:23, 24--"But this thing commanded I them, saying, Obey my voice, and I will be your God, and ye shall be my people:  and walk ye in all
                    the ways that I have commanded you, that it may be well unto you.  ]24] But they hearkened not, nor inclined their ear, but walked in the counsels and
                    in the imagination of  their evil heart, and went backward, and not forward."
     B. The Contrast Illustrated--vv. 10-12
          1. The Law of  Moses, which the Pharisees professed to revere, states--v.10. . . ."
               a. Quoted Exodus 20:12--6th of  the 10 commandments ("Honor thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy
                    God giveth thee.")
               b. Exodus 21:17 and Leviticus 20:9 quoted--"And he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death. [Lev. 20:9] For every one that
                    curseth his father or his mother shall be surely put to death: he hath cursed his father or his mother; his blood shall be upon him."
          2. But tradition allowed funds to be declared as a gift--v. 11
               a. A man would invest his funds to receive a profit.
               b. He would use the profit as he saw fit.
               c. But by declaring the principle as corban, that is, devoted, or a gift, was free from using the funds to help his parents.
          3. Thus, their tradition in effect disannulled the command to honor father and mother--v. 12.
     C. The Contrast Summarized--v. 13
          1. Their tradition made God's Word ineffective.
          2. Actually, their tradition provided loopholes in the Law.
          3. Jesus cited one example, but He stated that they did many such things.
          4. Tradition has always nullified God's Word.
               a. Ephesians 2:8, 9--"For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of  yourselves:  it is the gift of  God:  [9] Not of  works, lest any man should
                    boast."
               b. Tradition says you must add works to be saved.
               c. The effect is to say that you are saved by works rather than by God's grace in Christ Jesus.
          5. Paul's argument in Galatians 3:1-5--"O foolish Galatians, who hath bewitched you, that ye should not obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath
               been evidently set forth, crucified among you?  [2] This only would I learn of  you, Received ye the Spirit by the works of  the law, or by the hearing of 
               faith?  [3] Are ye so foolish? having begun in the Spirit, are ye now made perfect by the flesh? [4] Have ye suffered so many things in vain? if  it be yet in
               vain.  [5] He therefore that ministereth to you the Spirit, and worketh miracles among you, doeth he it by the works of  the law, or by the hearing of 
               faith?"
               a. Asks, Did you receive the Spirit by the works of  the law, or by the hearing of  faith?"
               b. Their reply would be, of course, By the hearing of  faith.
              c. Paul's return question, If  you began in the Spirit by the hearing of  faith are you so foolish to think that you are perfected by the "flesh", that is, "by
                   works?"

CONCLUSION:
     1. We have seen the criticism of  tradition--vv. 1-5.
     2. We have observed the charge of  God's Word against tradition--vv. 6-8.
     3. We have examined the contrast between tradition and the Word--vv. 9-13.
     4. Our Lord continues in the verses that follow showing that external observance does not aid a man's soul.
     5. Defilement comes from within--Jeremiah 17:9. . . ."The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?"
     6. Thus, a changed heart is needed which no outward, traditional rituals can do.
     7. Salvation, and the perfecting process after salvation, is based on a changed heart,
     8. Let us be careful to emphasize the truth of  God's Word and avoid making the Word ineffective by tradition.
     9. Let us examine our good traditions in the light of  God's Word to see if  they be in accord with it, or whether they are making the Word ineffective.
     10. Salvation is by faith in Christ alone; there is nothing that you or I can do to save ourselves.
     11. Maturity in the Lord does not come by what you do either, but by faith in Christ alone.


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