II. DOCTRINAL (INPUTTED RIGHTEOUSNESS)--1:18-8:39

C. SANCTIFICATION--5:12-8:39 (Part I)
     1. Potential Sanctification--5:12-21 (Transitional)
          a. Headship of  Adam and Christ contrasted--vv. 12-17
               (I) The headship of  Adam--vv. 12-14
                    (A) The sin of  Adam
                         (1) The original sin--as far as man is concerned
                         (2) Disobedience--compare Genesis 2:16, 17 with Genesis 3: 6
                         (3) The Scripture plainly place the blame on man, not woman
                              (a) Adam deliberately sinned--cf. 1 Timothy 2:14
                              (b) This, of  course, does not relieve the woman of  her responsibility.
                              (c) The seed of  sin is transmitted through the man. (Cf. Romans 5:12)
                              (d) This verse forever answers the Roman Catholic in their insistence that Mary had to be sinless, so
                                   that Christ could be.   She did not need to be sinless, for the Holy Spirit was His father, and the
                                   sin-seed is transmitted by the father; therefore, since the Holy Spirit is God, and thus sinless, so is
                                   Christ.
                         (4) Sin entered, did not begin
                              (a) Thus it is implied that sin existed before Adam.
                              (b) Scripture as to the origin of  sin
                                   ((I)) John 8:44
                                   ((II)) Isaiah 14:12-15
                                   ((III)) Ezekiel 28:11-17
                              (c) Compare Scripture given above with Genesis 3 and Revelation 20:2.
                    (B) The results
                         (1) His death
                         (2) Our death
                              (a) Because of  his headship
                              (b) Cf. vv. 17a, 18a
                              (c) Illus.:  Hebrews 7:8-10
                         (3) Meaning of  death
                              (a) Primarily physical in Genesis
                              (b) But undoubtedly Paul had also in mind eternal death.
                              (c) Four consequences
                                   ((I)) "The utter end of  what we call human life."
                                   ((II)) "Falling consciously into the fearful hands of  that power under which men have during their
                                        lifetime lightly lived, unprotected from the indescribable terrors and horrors connected
                                        therewith."
                                   ((III)) "Being imprisoned in Sheol or Hades--'in the pit wherein is no water,' as was Dives in Luke
                                        16," (and one might add that is forever)
                                   ((IV)) "Exposure to the coming judgment and its eternal consequences." (Newell, 181, footnote)
                    (C) Sin
                         (1) A nature, not a habit
                         (2) If  you or I had been in Eden, we would have done what he did.
                         (3) Still death reigned on account of  sin, even though not identical to Adam's sin.
                    (D) Under his headship by birth
                         (1) 5:12
                         (2) Psalm 51:5
                    (E) 5:13, 14 are proof  of  the statement of  headship in v. 12.
               (II) The headship of  Christ--vv. 15-17
                    (A) Contrasted to Adam's--v. 15
                         (1) God's gift of  righteousness and life through Christ
                         (2) Comes under this headship by a new birth.--just as we came under Adam's by a birth
                         (3) Grace abounds unto many even as death came to many.
                              (a) The one through Christ
                              (b) The other through Adam
                    (B) Accomplished by a righteous act--v. 16
                         (1) Again contrasted to Adam
                              (a) "Out of  Adam's one trespass came judgment." (Newell, 184, 185)
                              (b) "Out of  many trespasses laid upon Christ came not judgment, but a righteous act." (Newell, 185.
                                   Italics are his.)
                         (2) When one recognizes that the sin question, yea, his sin problem, has been taken care of  at the cross,
                              then one can receive the benefits of  that righteous act--namely, Isaiah 53:6b.
                    (C) What believing ones receive--v. 17
                         (1) Abundance of  grace
                              (a) Because of  the righteous act
                              (b) Freely given
                              (c) Rejoice and live in it.
                         (2) The gift of  righteousness
                              (a) Apart from
                                   ((I)) Works
                                   ((II)) The Law
                                   ((III)) Ordinances
                                   ((IV)) Worthiness
                              (b) An out and out gift from God
                              (c) I am righteous--not boasting, for it is not my own, but the freely received gift.
          b. The Offense of  Adam and the righteousness of  Christ contrasted--vv. 18-21
               (I) Judgment versus free gift--v. 18
                    (A) Adam's offense
                         (1) Brought judgment on all
                         (2) Romans 3:23
                    (B) Christ's righteousness
                         (1) Brought the free gift to all
                         (2) Like any gift, it must be received.
                         (3) Justification of  life--a hint of chapters 6-8
               (II) Disobedience versus obedience--v. 19
                    (A) Adam's disobedience
                         (1) Basically unbelief
                         (2) Many were made sinners.
                              (a) Set down as sinners
                              (b) It summarizes the doctrine of  our federal guilt by Adam's sin.
                         (3) cf. Ephesians 5:6
                    (B) Christ's obedience
                         (1) Many made righteous.
                         (2) Forever excludes righteousness by our own works.
                         (3) Summarizes our justification by Christ's death
                         (4) Cf. Philippians 2:8
                         (5) This obedience has to do with the Cross, not His life on earth.  Newell, 191--"'Justified in ( the value
                              or power of) His blood,' and of  that alone, gives the direct lie to the claim that man must have 'an
                              active righteousness' as well as 'a passive righteousness.'"
                         (6) Therefore, Christ's life had nothing to do with providing a righteousness for you and me.  It only
                               served to prove that He was truly the Son of  God.
                         (7) The thing which the Apostle Paul is trying to get across is that naturally we are in Adam; we must die
                                to that life and live in Christ.
                         (8) Newell, 192, 193--"Christ Himself, risen, is our righteousness.  His earthly life under the Law is not
                              our righteousness.  We have no connection with a Christ on earth and under the Law." "One has
                              beautifully said, 'Christianity begins with the resurrection.'"
               (III) Sin versus grace--v. 20
                    (A) The purpose of  the Law
                         (1) The law was given to make the fall abound to everyone.
                         (2) Cf. Romans 7:7
                         (3) Cf. Galatians 3:24
                         (4) Law, moreover, came in along side of  sin that the trespass of  law might abound.
                    (B) Sin abound, grace abounded much more.
                         (1) The objection to this idea is raised in 6:1.
                         (2) The answer is given in 6:2f.
                         (3) Anticipates chapter 6
                         (4) But, where sin abounded, grace did completely overflow.
                         (5) Many examples of  this overflowing grace can be cited both from the Bible and elsewhere.
                              (a) The nation Israel after they broke the law
                              (b) David
                              (c) Paul
                              (d) Bunyan
                              (e) Newton--"Amazing grace, how sweet the sound, That save a wretch like me!  I once was lost, but
                                   now am found, Was blind, but now I see."
                              (f) You and I
               (IV) Condemnation versus justification--v. 21
                    (A) The reign of  sin
                         (1) Death
                         (2) Cf. Romans 6:23a
                         (3) Sin reigned as king
                    (B) The reign of  grace
                         (1) Life eternal
                         (2) Through righteousness
                              (a) Not ours
                              (b) Christ's
                         (3) Grace might reign as king by Christ Jesus
                         (4) Romans 6:23b
                         (5) Though justification is here in view, the potentiality for sanctification is laid here.
     2. Positional Sanctification--6:1-10
          a. Man declared, not made righteous--vv. 1, 2
               (I) The question--v. 1
                    (A) Continue in sin that grace may abound?
                    (B) This question is often raised.
                         (1) By those who deny justification by faith alone
                         (2) Those who deny eternal security
                    (C) This question shows that Paul was preaching a salvation by grace apart from works.
               (II) The answer--v. 2
                    (A) Contextual answer
                         (1) Direct denial
                         (2) Dead to sin
                              (a) We who are such, as having died to sin, how shall we yet live in it?
                              (b) Greek--apethanomen, an aorist tense signifying "died once for all"
                              (c) Context speaks of  a co-crucifixion with Christ.
                              (d) Rainsford states, "He places an emphasis on the two words dead and alive.  How can a dead
                                   man live?  How can a man dead to sin live in sin?  You see the argument is not that it is unlikely
                                   not that it is unsuitable, not that it is improbable, not that it is unreasonable, but, that it is
                                   impossible." (M. Rainsford, Lectures on Romans VI. London:  John Holoy (The Grosvenor
                                   Library), .n  d., pages 10-11; as quoted in Charles Paul Creager, "The Believer's Identification    
                                   with Christ in His Death" (Unpublished Master's thesis, Dallas Theological Seminary, Dallas,
                                   1954), page 34.  Italics are Rainsford's.)
                              (e) Newell, 202--"Those who died in New York City, shall they still be walking the streets of  New                                        York City?”
                         (3) Separation from the old life to a new life in the risen Christ--vv. 3ff.
                    (B) Apart from context
                         (1) Will not want to sin--cf. Romans 7:15ff. (This in no way implies that we do not sin.)
                         (2) Discipline in God's family--Hebrews 12:5-11
                         (3) A system of  rewards--I Corinthians 3:11-15
                    (C) General Remarks to this section
                         (1) Christian life is not
                              (a) Works
                              (b) A modeling of, or imitation of  Christ
                              (c) A clenching of  the fist and trying hard
                         (2) Christian life is as much by grace as is salvation, for grace does not just forbids sin, it overcomes it.
                         (3) This portion of  the Bible has been called "the Magna Carta" of  Christian liberty.
                         (4) Chafer states that "this passage is the foundation of  as well as the key to the possibility of  a 'Walk in
                              the Spirit.'"(Chafer, Systemic Theology, VI:14)
          b. Identification with Christ--vv. 3-5
               (I) The statement--v. 3
                    (A) Something to know
                         (1) Greek agnoeo--to be ignorant; indirectly derived from a--negative prefix + ginosko--to know; thus,
                              not to know
                         (2) There is no implied willfulness
                    (B) Baptized into Christ
                         (1) Many refer this to water baptism by immersion.
                         (2) However, Linhart points out that. "Water baptism is spoken or in Scripture as 'in' or 'unto' the name
                              of  Christ, while here it is 'into' Christ, thus suggesting incorporation in union." (George William
                              Linhart, "Paul's Doctrinal Use of  Verbs Compounded with Sun." (Unpublished Master's thesis,
                              Dallas Theological Seminary, Dallas, 1949), page 28, cited in Creager, 35.  Italics are Linhart's.)
                         (3) That water baptism is symbolic of  what takes place here is evident, but more is in view than just water
                              baptism.
                         (4) For the baptism of  the Holy Spirit, cf. 1 Corinthians 12:13
                         (5) Though the King James Version is accurate enough, to clear up any confusion it can be rendered:  "Or
                              do you not know that as much as we were baptized into Christ, we were baptized into His death?"--
                              cpc
                         (6) In View of  this, Chafer says "Our baptism into Jesus Christ can be none other than the act of  God in
                              placing us in Christ (cf. Galatians 3:27).  This evidently is our baptism into His body by the Spirit (1
                              Corinthians 12:13); for in no other sense are we all baptized into Jesus Christ.  Being by the baptism
                              of  the Spirit vitally united and placed 'in Him' we partake of  what He is, and what He had done."
                              (Lewis Sperry Chafer, He That is Spiritual.  Chicago: Moody Press, 1918, page 157.  Italics are
                              his.)
                         (7) Think of  it:  we partake of  everything that Christ is.  What grounds this is for assurance of  eternal
                              Life!  What grounds this is for the security of  the believer!--the argument of  Ephesians 1:3-14
                         (8) The whole argument of  this Romans 6 passage "is based on this vital union by which we are
                              organically united to Christ through our baptism into His body."  As certainly as we are 'in Him' we
                              partake of   the value of  His death."  "Thus we are actually partakers of  His crucifixion (v. 6), death
                              (v. 8), burial (v. 4) and resurrection (vv. 4, 5, 8) and as essentially as one would partake had we been
                              crucified, dead, buried and raised." (Chafer, He That is Spiritual, 157.  Italics are his.)
                    (C) A threefold identification
                         (1) In His death
                              (a) When He died, we died.
                              (b) See
                                   ((I)) Verse 8
                                   ((II)) Galatians 2:20
                                        ((A)) "With Christ I have been and am crucified."--cpc (perfect tense signifying a past action
                                             having present finished results)
                                        ((B)) As one puts it: "Here he [Paul] is viewed, not as standing apart from Christ and beholding
                                             Him, but as fastened with Him upon the cross." (Alex Stewart, "Christianity Condensed,"
                                             The Bible Scholar, 21:32, December, 1919; cited in Creager, 43)
                                   ((III)) Galatians 5:24
                                        ((A)) "But those who are of  Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and lusts."
                                             --cpc
                                        ((B)) Aorist tense
                                        ((C)) Thomas--"It does not say, 'They that are Christ's should crucify the flesh.'  They have
                                             done so when they put their trust in the Lord Jesus . . . .  It is a settled thing.  If  you have    
                                             crucified the flesh, if you have recognized the fact that Christ's crucifixion is yours, then do
                                             not live in that which you have died." (W. H. Griffith Thomas, Christ Pre-Eminent.
                                            Chicago:  The Bible Institute Colportage Association [now Moody Press], 1923, page 211;
                                            cited in Creager, 45.)
                                   ((IV)) Galatians 6:14
                                        ((A)) "But God forbid that I glory except in the cross of  our Lord Jesus Christ through whom
                                             the world is crucified to me and I to the world."--cpc
                                        ((B)) perfect passive
                                   ((V)) Colossians 2:20
                                        ((A)) "Since you have died with Christ from the rudiments of  the world."--cpc
                                        ((B)) Thomas--"The tense of  the 'died' implies a definite time in the past. . . .  It is important
                                             that the believer should recognize this death with Christ as an absolute fact, and not as
                                             something to which he is to submit for the purpose of  obtaining an experience of  it."
                                             (Thomas, 88; cited in Creager, 47)
                                   ((VI)) 2 Timothy 2:11
                                        ((A)) "Faithful is the word, for since we have died with Him, we also shall live with Him."--cpc
                                             (Italics are his.)
                                        ((B)) Does not refer to martyrdom, for then verb would be a future, as all the rest of  the verbs
                                             in this passage are.
                                        ((C)) This verb is not future, but aorist tense.
                                   ((VII)) 1 Peter 2:24
                                        ((A)) "Who His own self carried up our sins in His own body to the tree that we having been
                                             away from sins we should live unto righteousness by whose stripes ye were healed."--cpc
                                        ((B)) The verb here means:  "to be afar off," "to take no part in," and thus "to cease be."
                                        ((C)) Note also that it is sins, not sin.
                                        ((D)) "Peter looks at the believer's death in its moral hold on a person in its manifestation."
                                             (Creager, 48)
                         (2) In His burial
                              (a) With Him I was buried.
                              (b) Colossians 2:12
                         (3) In His resurrection
                              (a) Raised with Him to a new life
                              (b) Cf. Colossians 2:12
                              (c) Cf. Colossians 3:1
               (II) The purpose--v. 4
                    (A) Our co-burial
                         (1) "Therefore, we were buried with Him through the Baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was
                              raised from the dead through the glory of  the Father, so also we in newness of  life should walk."--cpc
                         (2) The verb, sunetaphemen--to bury together with (aorist passive)
                         (3) Linhart, 29 (cited in Creager, 36)--"Burial is the seal of  the reality and certainty of  death.  Its
                              significance is that of  finality."
                         (4) Thus, Paul is trying to say that believers co-crucifixion and co-death is final and certain.
                         (5) "Paul is, therefore, answering the question of continuing in sin by saying the sin nature is buried.  Why,
                              then, dig up the dead corpse?" (Creager, 37)
                    (B) Our New Life
                         (1) See translation above-- (II)(A)(1)
                         (2) The purpose of  the death and burial is given here.
                         (3) Our burial with Him looks both ways.
                              (a) Back to the cross where we died with Him
                              (b) Forward to the resurrection to a new life in Him
                         (4) Christ raised to new life
                              (a) By (or through) the glory of  God the Father
                                   ((I)) First born from the dead--Colossians 1:18
                                   ((II)) All that the Father is, is put forth to enable us to walk in the new life.
                              (b) So we are to walk in newness of  life.
                                   ((I)) Walking presumes that one possesses life.
                                   ((II)) Peripatesomen--to walk about (aorist subjunctive)
                                   ((III)) It is a life-- not merely a manner of  living.
                                   ((IV)) Kainotes--"freshness" or "newness" derived from word meaning "new in quality"; therefore,
                                        a new kind of  life
               (III) The restatement--v. 5
                    (A) "For since we were and are united with Him in the likeness to His death, yet also we shall be in the
                         likeness of  His resurrection."-cpc (Italics are his.)
                    (B) Sumphutai gegonamen--became united with
                         (1) First word from verb meaning "to make to grow together"
                         (2) Second word means "to come into existence" or "to be born."
                         (3) Be born united with Him
                    (C) Likeness of  His death
                         (1) Homoioma--resemblance, not identical copy
                         (2) His death physical and spiritual for sin
                         (3) Ours, death of  the old nature, in the sense that it has been judged
                         (4) His death was real, ours was symbolic in baptism.
                         (5) But we have shared in His death to the extent that it becomes ours.
                         (6) Thus we, being united to Him, bear the same relation to sin that Christ now bears.
                              (a) He died unto sin once.
                              (b) We bear the same relationship: therefore, we died to sin.
                    (D) Our resurrection to a new life
                         (1) Just as certain that we are united in the likeness of  His death, so also are we in the likeness of  His
                              resurrection.
                              (a) Future tense of  logic--implying the new walk in Christ--v. 4
                              (b) Newell, 209--"To be joined in new life with the Risen [sic] Christ, and thus daily, hourly, to walk,
                                   is a wonder not conceived of  by many of  us.  But it is the blessed portion of  all true Christians.
                                   They shared Christ's death, and now are 'saved by His Life.'"
                              (c) Philippians 1:21a
          c. The basis of  deliverance--vv. 6-10
               (I) Experientially known--vv. 6-8
                    (A) The co-crucifixion the old nature
                         (1) "Knowing this that our old man was crucified once for all with Him that the body of  sin might be
                              made inoperative that we no longer serve sin."--cpc (Italics are his.)
                         (2) The old man
                              (a) The old nature or the whole unregenerate self
                              (b) This old nature died on the cross with Christ.
                              (c) See
                                   ((I)) Ephesians 4:22
                                   ((II)) Colossians 3:9
                         (3) Sunestaurothe--have been crucified with
                              (a) An aorist passive
                              (b) The verb indicates "that it is a once-for-all act never to be repeated.  It is a great federal fact that                                        the believer is told to lay hold of  and to note." (Chafer, Systematic Theology, VI:280)
                              (c) The verb is also passive which indicates that the believer is not doing it but that it has been done to
                                   him.
                              (d) See
                                   ((I)) Galatians 2:20
                                   ((II)) Galatians 5:24
                    (B) The body of  sin disannulled
                         (1) The body of  sin
                              (a) The body as the instrument of  sin
                              (b) Does not mean sinful body
                                   ((I)) Chafer, Systematic Theology, II:157--"This phrase . . . affords no warrant for the ancient
                                        philosophy which teaches that the body is the seat of  evil and therefore be weakened and
                                       despised.  Such a view contradicts all Biblical testimony concerning the human body."
                                   ((II)) Scripture
                                        ((A)) Romans 6:12
                                        ((B)) Romans 12:1
                                        ((C)) 1 Corinthians 6:19, 20
                                        ((D)) Matthew 15:18-20
                         (2) Disannulled
                              (a) Authorized Version has "destroyed" which today implies reduced to nothing.
                              (b) Today a better rendering would be "inoperative."
                              (c) Sets forth the end of  our co-crucifixion
                              (d) The idea here is "to cause to cease."
                         (3) "That the body of sin might be done away, i. e. , not the material of  the body, but the body so far forth
                              as it is an instrument of  sin; accordingly, that the body may cease to be an instrument of  sin." (Thayer,
                              John Henry, A Greek-English Lexicon of  the New Testament; New York: American Book
                              Company, c1889, page 336 )
                    (C) No Longer servants of  sin
                         (1) In the days of  slavery , when a slave died, he was no longer a slave; thus we have died to sin. so that
                              we are no longer servants of  sin.
                         (2) Furthermore, v. 7
                              (a) Shows the believer justified from sin
                              (b) Cramer:  the verb "in this place retains its meaning and here states that the one who died in and
                                   with Christ has been acquitted from sin; he has received his discharge from sin, has been freed
                                   from it.  Death dissolved all claims of  the former bondage; now when the old master, sin, asks for
                                   his slave, he is informed that the slave died and that he no longer has any hold upon that one."
                                   (Cramer, Richard Ward, "The Use of  DIKAIOW [Actual Greek word is used.] and Relate
                                   Words in Romans," (Unpublished Master's thesis, Dallas Theological Seminary, Dallas, 1940),
                                    page 60, cited in Creager, 40)
                    (D) Our life in Christ is as certain as our death with Christ.
                         (1) The verb was discussed with verse two.
                         (2) Here is added the phrase, sun Christoi; therefore, co-crucifixion is clearly taught.
                         (3) First class condition--thus, rendered "since"
                         (4) "The believer's life with Christ as expressed by the verb sunzesomen [Actual Greek word is used.] is
                              dependent on the fact of  his co-death." (Creager, 40)
                              (a) A future tense
                              (b) Doubtlessly a future of  logical result rather than an actual future
                         (5) If  you have died with Christ and you have (if  you have trusted Jesus Christ as your personal Savior),
                              then you will live in Him.
               (II) Reflectively known--vv. 9, 10
                    (A) Knowing-v. 9
                         (1) A different word than knowing in v. 6
                         (2) Verse 6--gignosko; here--eido
                              (a) Gignosko means a knowledge grounded in personal experience.
                              (b) Eido "signifies a purely mental conception." (Newell, 210, footnote)  It becomes more readily
                                   understood in contrast to gignosko.
                    (B) Christ raised from the dead, dies no more
                         (1) Because of  the resurrection, death has no dominion over Him--NOTE:  If  death has no dominion
                              over Him, how can He repeatedly be sacrificed as the Romanist says?
                         (2) This is the guarantee that we live.
                    (C) Died to sin; now lives unto God
                         (1) Not died for sin--that was taught elsewhere
                         (2) Here it is died unto sin- died in relation to sin.
                         (3) Died unto sin once for all--literally, upon once; NOTE:  again notice that this negates the Romanist
                              idea of  a repeated sacrifice for sin.
                         (4) Now lives unto God--basis of  our living for Jesus
               (III) Summary
                    (A) Newell, 221f.--"Now God's way was, not to 'change' the old man, but to send it to the cross unto death,
                         and release us from it.  No one who remains in Adam's race will be saved!  'Ye must be born again!'
                         should sound the tocsin of alarm, yea, terror, to every one not yet in Christ.  For God's method was to
                         set forth a Second Man, a Last Adam.,--Christ; . . . .  Whom God would not only set forth to make
                         expiation of  guilt, but would make to become sin itself; thus to get at what we were as well as what we
                         had done." (Italics are his.)
                    (B) Therefore, God did more than save us from the penalty of  sin.  He save us from the power of  sin, as
                         well.
     3. Practical Sanctification--6:11-23
          a. The believer's action--vv. 11-14
               (I) Reckon--v. 11
                    (A) NOTE:  Practically all the verbs in vv. 1-10 are aorists signifying once-for-all acts.  Now they are present
                         tenses.
                    (B) The key to victory
                    (C) "So also you reckon yourselves to be dead with reference to sin, but alive with reference to God in
                         Christ Jesus."--cpc
                    (D) verb--(used 19 times in Romans; 11 in Romans 4)
                         (1) Present tense
                              (a) Indicative or imperative
                              (b) Here it is almost imperative in force.
                              (c) Signifies a continual attitude; a moment by moment experience
                              (d) Cf. Luke 9:23--dai1y
                         (2) To count, calculate, or consider
                              (a) To take this ground by faith
                              (b) Illus.: Joshua 10:24-27
                                   ((I)) Put feet on their necks
                                   ((II)) Identified themselves with the defeat
                    (E) Illus.:  Changing of  captains in ship at sea; old captain has no authority
                    (F) Dead
                         (1) Two words in Romans. 6
                         (2) Thanatos
                              (a) Verses 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10
                              (b) Signifies the act of  death
                              (c) Used in connection with Christ's death, and our death with Christ
                         (3) Nekros
                              (a) Here in v. 11
                              (b) signifies the state of  death
                              (c) Vv. 4 and 9 shows use of  these two words.
                    (G) Beet--"After teaching that Christ is dead to sin and living for God," Paul "bids us claim a similar death
                         and live." (Beet, Joseph Agar, Holiness as Understood by the Writers of  the Bible.  London:  Hodder
                         and Stoughton, 1886, page 51; cited in Creager, 41)
                    (H) "To reckon is to believe or to count on the facts of  one's complete identification with Christ in His death
                         and crucifixion, burial, and resurrection." (Creager, 42; italics are his.)
                    (I) "It is not a matter of  believing that the sin nature does not any longer exist, 'but rather to reckon that we,
                         as new creatures, sustain no relation to' the sin nature." (Creager, 42; inner quotation--Aldrich, Willard
                         M., "The Death of  Christ in Relation to Present Salvation," (Unpublished Doctor's dissertation, The
                         Evangelical Theological College [now Dallas Theological Seminary], Dallas, 1936, pages 59-60))
                    (J) Alive to God
                         (1) Reckoning has to do chiefly with being dead to sin.
                         (2) But it also has to do with being alive to God--the positive side.
                         (3) Reason:  IN CHRIST JESUS:  because you and I are in Christ Jesus, we bear the same relation to
                              God as He does--v. 10
               (II) Yielding--vv. 12-14
                    (A) Reign-as-king--v. 12 (negative)
                         (1) Sin?
                         (2) Greek emphatic--stop letting sin reign
                         (3) Note that our bodies are mortal--our bodies are yet to be redeemed--Romans 8:23.
                         (4) Reason:  that we no longer obey its lusts
                               (a) Lusts--earnest desires
                               (b) Not all the desires of  the body are necessarily evil, but any natural desire can become evil when
                                    sin reigns as king.
                    (B) Presenting our members--v. 13 (positive)
                         (1) "Neither present your members as weapons of  unrighteousness unto sin, but present yourselves to
                              God as alive from the dead and your members as weapons of  righteousness unto God."--cpc
                         (2) Verbs
                              (a) First verb
                                   ((I)) Present imperative
                                   ((II)) "Stop presenting your members as weapons of  unrighteousness unto sin."--cpc
                              (b) Second verb
                                   ((I)) Aorist imperative
                                   ((II)) Present once-for-all your members
                              (c) Verb is paristemi--to place beside; to place at the disposal of; therefore, present or dedicate or
                                   devote
                              (d) Cf. Romans 12:1 where the word appears connection with the body
                         (3) Illus.: Marriage vows--"and forsaking all others, keep thee only unto him, so long as ye both shall
                              live?"
                         (4) NOTE:  This has to do with the will not with the heart.
                              (a) Vv 1-10 is a heart matter.
                              (b) V. 11 is still a heart matter.
                              (c) Now. these verses (12, 13) are a matter of  exercising the will.
                         (5) NOTE:  We are not to present ourselves in order to be alive unto God, but rather we are to present
                              ourselves to God as those who are alive unto God.
                         (6) A twofold presentation
                              (a) Ourselves--this is the inward presentation.
                              (b) Our members as weapons of  righteousness--this is the outward manifestation of  the presentation.
                              (c) We and our members should be at God's call.
                    (C) Sin is no longer Lord. (Reason)
                         (1) "for sin shall no longer lord it over you, for you are not under law, but under grace"--cpc
                         (2) Verb is kurieuo--to lord over; to be possessed of  mastery over.
                         (3) Sets forth the reason to present ourselves
                         (4) The second for the reason why sin no lords it over us
                              (a) Not under law
                              (b) Under grace
                         (5) NOTE:  Paul is hitting those who would place us back under law, or those who say we are not
                              eternally secure.  Consider Newell's comments: (Newell, 231-232, footnote)
                              (a) "No human being has ever been really controlled by the principle of  law."
                              (b) "Consider the relationship of  a bride and bridegroom:  it is one of  love, and delighted seeking of
                                   mutual benefit.  It is not a relationship of  enactments of  law at all. . . .  Yet you find the wife
                                   eagerly asking the husband what he would like for dinner, and how, in any other way, she can
                                   make him comfortable and pleased.  And all this arises from the principle of  love, not law!"
                              (c) Likewise, we are are not under law, and should act from love because we are under grace.
          b. The new principle of  sanctification--vv. 15-23
               (I) Enslavement to Christ--vv. 15, 16
                    (A) The question--v. 15a
                         (1) Should we sin because we are under grace?
                         (2) Comparison with question of  verse 1
                              (a) Difference in verb tense
                                   ((I)) V. 1--present tense
                                   ((II)) Here--aorist tense
                              (b) Difference of  idea
                                   ((I)) V.1--life of  sin in view
                                   ((II)) Here--occasional acts of  sin
                              (c) What the objector is saying is "We may take a night off now and then and sin a little bit since we
                                   are under grace." (Robertson, Archibald Thomas, Word Pictures in the New Testament.  New
                                   York:  Harper & Brothers Publishers, c1931; IV:364)
                    (B) The Answer--vv. 15b, 16
                         (1) Unthinkable--God forbid!
                         (2) Grace does not give a license to sin.
                         (3) Under a new servitude--v.16
                              (a) Born into slavery
                                   ((I)) Old nature loved and served sin.
                                   ((II)) New nature loves and serves God.
                              (b) Bound to one's master
                                   ((I)) Unsaved--to Satan
                                   ((II)) Saved--to Christ
                              (c) A slave has no will of  its own and no regard for his own interests.
                         (4) To whom you yield to obey, his slave your are.
                         (5) You can't be Christ's slave and Satan's slave at the same time.--cf. Matthew6:24
               (II) The result of  enslavement to Christ--vv. 17-23
                    (A) Results show whose slave you are.
                         (1) Were servants of  sin, now of  obedience
                         (2) What Paul is saying
                              (a) Not that we are slaves if  we sin
                              (b) By our actions we tell others whose slave we are.
                              (c) Thus he exhorts us to live in the light of  our glorious position in Christ that we may manifest the fact
                                   that we are His slaves.
                         (3) Authorized Version in v. 17, though correctly translated, is not best rendering.
                              (a) "But thanks to God that ye were slaves to sin ye have obeyed out of  the heart unto which type of
                                   teaching ye have been delivered."--cpc
                              (b) The verb is paradidomi.
                                   ((I)) Aorist passive
                                   ((II)) To give over; deliver up; to commit
                                   ((III)) Strongly suggest that these teachings are already true of  the believer
                              (c) Teaching--most probably the gospel; though Robertson (IV:364) thinks it is the baptism spoken of
                                   in this chapter.
                              (d) Cf. Newell, footnote, p. 240--"This distinction is vital, because people conceive of  the Gospel as
                                   something delivered to them to 'live up to,' or to lay hold of by their own wills, rather than as of  a
                                   body of truth unto which they, as believers, have already been blessedly handed over!
                                   'Obedience of  faith' can be nothing else than walking in the light of   facts Divinely revealed."
                                   (Italics are his.)
                         (4) Verse 18 --Being set free from sin, ye were made bondslaves to righteousness.
                              (a) Again, note that there is no middle ground.  Believers can not straddle the fence.
                              (b) No idea of  sinless perfection here; sin is being viewed here as a tyrant from whom the believer has
                                  been freed.  Paul teaches elsewhere that we are not freed from the presence of  sin until our bodies
                                  are redeemed at His coming.
                    (B) The results contrasted--vv. 19-22
                         (1) Paul is speaking in human terms to illustrate the truth, because of  the "Strengthlessness of  the flesh."
                         (2) Man hates the fact of  bondage.
                              (a) Boasts of  independence
                              (b) Does not realize that true freedom is only found in Christ
                              (c) Cf. John 8:33
                         (3) Servants of  uncleanness and iniquity
                              (a) Uncleanness--has to do with inner thoughts
                              (b) Iniquity or lawlessness--has to do with outward practice
                              (c) Cf. 1 Corinthians 6:9-11
                         (4) Shameful fruit--vv. 20, 21
                              (a) In a sense this is a further answer to the question in v. 15.
                              (b) Were free in regards to righteousness when a bondslave to sin
                              (c) What fruit was there in those things of  which we are now ashamed?
                              (d) Notice that the Scripture calls those fruitless days, "works"--Galatians 5:19-21.
                              (e) Cf. James 1:14, 15
                         (5) Good fruit--v. 22
                              (a) Verses 20.21 shows what we were before, "but now."
                              (b) Freed from Master Sin
                              (c) We come into a "sweet, willing bondservice to God."--Newell, 243.
                              (d) Results in good fruit
                                   ((I)) Fruit unto holiness ( sanctification)
                                   ((II)) "Freedom from sin and slavery to God brings permanent fruit that leads to sanctification."--
                                        Robertson, IV:365
                                   ((III)) Galatians 5: 22, 23 (Notice that love leads the list.)
                                       ((A)) Cf. 1 Corinthians 13
                                       ((B)) Cf. 1 John 4:7-21
                              (e) Are you and I willing to be bondslaves to Him to produce good fruit?--cf. Matthew 11:28-30
                              (f) The end results of  this sanctification is eternal life.
                    (C) Paul's conclusion--v. 23
                         (1) A contrast
                         (2) Sin's wages
                              (a) Death
                              (b) "For sin was a terrible Paymaster!"--Newell, 243 (Italics are his.)
                              (c) Wages are something for which a person works.
                              (d) People want to work their way to God.
                              (e) They get their wages--DEATH, an unending separation from this life and from God.
                         (3) God's gift
                              (a) Eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord
                              (b) A gift--the grace bestowed by God
                              (c) A gif't--something unearned, often undeserved
                              (d) The contrast is marked:  "God will keep the contrast constantly before us . . . between what is
                                   earned and what is given." (Newell, 245; italics are his.)
                              (e) The end of the two paths is clear.
                                   ((I)) Works--death
                                   ((II)) The free gift--eternal life
                              (f) Note also the contrast
                                   ((I)) "death is earned wages."
                                   ((II)) "eternal life is a FREE GIFT." (Newell, 245; italics and caps are his.)
                         (4) In Christ
                              (a) Our Lord--kurios, meaning master, i. e., one having authority over
                              (b) "In Christ" sets the location of  sanctification.  This is "the blessed Sphere of  this ETERNAL                                              LIFE." (Newell, 245; caps are this writer's.)